Bleichert

Adolf Bleichert & Co.
Industry	Cable Car, Automotive Industry, Arms Industry
Founded	1874
Founder	Adolf Bleichert
Defunct	1993
Headquarters	Leipzig-Gohlis, Germany
Key people	Max von Bleichert / CEO; Paul von Bleichert / CFO
Number of employees	90 (1881) ; 3.200 (1928) ; 169 (1932) ; 4.000 (1950)

51°21′47″N 12°22′33″E / 51.3631°N 12.3757°E / 51.3631; 12.3757

Bleichert, short for Adolf Bleichert & Co.,^[1]^[2] was a German engineering firm founded in 1874 by Adolf Bleichert. The company dominated the aerial wire ropeway industry during the first half of the 20th century, and its portfolio included cranes, electric cars, elevators, and mining and ship-loading equipment. It ceased operations in 1993.

History

1874 until 1918

In 1872, Adolf Bleichert started the design and manufacture of the first wire ropeway, also known as the aerial lift, in Teutschenthal (Saxony, Germany). With the successful start-up of this installation, Adolf Bleichert and Theodor Otto founded a company for the manufacture of wire ropeways in 1874 in Gohlis, near Leipzig. This was the beginning of Adolf Bleichert & Co. which in 50 years, developed into a world-renowned company of the highest standing.^{[citation needed]} In 1881, Bleichert moved its offices to Leipzig-Gohlis, which became the main factory facility located in a much bigger plant^[3] and was also the company headquarters.

Starting in 1888, Bleichert also expanded into the North American market by concluding a license agreement with the American company Cooper, Hewitt & Co., the parent company of Trenton Iron Inc.,^[4] which constructed and sold many material wire ropeways based on the Bleichert system.

During World War I, the Bleichert company developed a specific field cable car used by German military forces in mountain warfare in the Vosges Mountains, the Alps, and Balkan areas. Until World War I the Bleichert company manufactured many aerial cable cars especially for material carriage, but also for passenger transportation. Among them are the following:

1874: Aerial cableway installation on round bar rails for the solar oil^{[clarification needed]} and paraffin factory in Teutschenthal near Halle, Germany
1876: Ropeway conveyor for the material transportation of Sayn Mine Works from the Krupp company near Bendorf, Germany
1880: Aerial cableway for the transportation of iron ore from theDoihl Mineto the steelworks in Rodange, Luxembourg
1890: Aerial cableway for wood transportation in the Baina-Buschta region, Serbia
1900: Aerial cableway for the mines of the Kappler Tunnel on the Schauinsland mountain in the Black Forest near Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
1902: Aerial cableway for coal-mining activities at Grand-Hornu, Belgium
1903: Aerial cableway for coal-mining activities at the Sumitomo-Besshi Copper Mine in Niihama, Japan
1904: Aerial cableway for the former mining company Harpener Bergbau AG near Dortmund, Germany
1905: Aerial cableway for the Chilecito-La Mejicana gold mining industry, also known as the cable car from the Famatina pit, Argentina
1906: Aerial cableway for the nickel ore loading facility of Société Le Nickel on the pacific coast of the French overseas territory of Thio, New Caledonia
1906: Aerial cableway for the cement industry for Alsenschen Portland-Zementfabrik in Itzehoe–Agethorst/Wacken, Germany
1908: Aerial cableway for the coal-mining industry in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen (Svalbard islands), Norway
1909: Aerial cableway for wood transportation of a sawmill in Mkumbara – Neu Hornow, former German East Africa
1909: Aerial cableway for material transportation at Toli Mines in the coal-mining district of Shandong coastal province, China
1913: Passenger aerial cableway (Kohlerer Bahn) in Bolzano, South Tyrol (former Austria-Hungary), Italy
1913: Aerial cable cranes for the construction of the Centennial Hall in Wroclaw (Lower Silesia), Poland

1918 until 1945

Bleichert mainly built material-carrying wire ropeways, but then diversified into passenger cable cars as well, such as the famous Predigtstuhl Aerial Tramway in the Alps, the Tyrolean Zugspitze Cable Car, Krossobanen in Norway, Table Mountain Aerial Cableway in South Africa, Burgberg Cable Car in Germany, Aeri de Montserrat in Catalunya and the Port Vell Aerial Tramway crossing the Port of Barcelona from Torre Sant Sebastia via Torre Jaume I to Montjuïc.

By the company's 50th anniversary in 1924, Adolf Bleichert & Co. had designed and built the world's record-holding wire ropeways: longest and highest elevation (Argentina), length of system over water (New Caledonia), steepest (Tanzania), highest capacity (France), northernmost (Norway), and southernmost (Chile).

In 1926, the company went public, though it was controlled by Bleichert's two sons, Max and Paul von Bleichert. Due to the Great Depression and the collapse of the German banking system, on 4 April 1932 Bleichert & Co. filed for bankruptcy. Its successor, Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH, was incorporated on 28 June 1932 to carry on the firm's work. Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH also became sole shareholder of Adolf Bleichert & Co. Drahtseilbahn GmbH, the people-mover manufacturing entity. Bleichert-Kabelbagger GmbH—the wire rope crane division—became an independent entity, though also declared bankruptcy on 4 July 1932. No longer under Bleichert family control, the Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH factory continued to produce during World War II.

From 1945

With the defeat of Nazi Germany, Leipzig—the Saxon city where much of the company's factories were centered—fell on the eastern side of the Iron Curtain and Bleichert-Transportanlagen GmbH was taken over by the occupying power, the Soviet Union, and renamed SAG Bleichert. In 1954, SAG Bleichert^[5] was transferred to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), and was renamed VEB Bleichert. Soon thereafter, the firm was continued under the name VEB Transportanlagenfabrik Bleichert Leipzig. In 1955, the company name changed again to VEB Schwermaschinenbau Verlade- und Transportanlagen Leipzig vorm.Bleichert. By 1959, the last reference to the original family business disappeared, as vorm.Bleichert was dropped from the firm's name. Between 1962 and 1985, this entity went through several iterations. However, by 1991, the company had been privatized and entered liquidation, halting production of cranes, conveyance, and pit mining equipment — thus concluding the history of the oldest and largest wire ropeway manufacturer of the world.

External links

Family and company website: Bleichert & Co. - The Wire Ropeway Dynasty
Leipzig Lese: Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk

References

^ "Adolf Bleichert – der Erfinder des deutschen Drahtseilbahnsystems". Seilbahngeschichte.de. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
^ Dr. Manfred Hötzel. "Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk".
^ "Die Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen Adolf Bleichert". Leipzig-gohlis.de. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
^ Trenton Iron later was incorporated into United States Steel Corporation through its subsidiary American Steel and Wire Company.
^ "Plakat aus der Bleichert-Ausstellung in Dresden-Loschwitz". Ercl.net. Archived from the original on 2012-07-30. Retrieved 2010-06-18.

[seilbahngeschichte1-1] "Adolf Bleichert – der Erfinder des deutschen Drahtseilbahnsystems". Seilbahngeschichte.de. Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2010-06-18.

[2] Dr. Manfred Hötzel. "Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk".

[leipzig-gohlis1-3] "Die Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen Adolf Bleichert". Leipzig-gohlis.de. Retrieved 2010-06-18.

[4] Trenton Iron later was incorporated into United States Steel Corporation through its subsidiary American Steel and Wire Company.

[5] "Plakat aus der Bleichert-Ausstellung in Dresden-Loschwitz". Ercl.net. Archived from the original on 2012-07-30. Retrieved 2010-06-18.

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