Canadian artist-run centres

Canadian artist-run centres (ARC or ARCs) are galleries and art spaces developed by artists in Canada since the 1960s. The artist-run centre is the common term of use for artist-initiated and managed organizations in Canada. Most centres follow the not-for-profit arts organization model, do not charge admission fees, pay artists for their contributions (exhibitions, presentations, performances) are non-commercial and de-emphasize the selling of artwork.

Origins

The centres were created originally in response to a lack of opportunity to present contemporary work, especially in the 1960s and 1970s experimental art practices such as performance, installation, conceptual art and video in Canada and with the desire to network with other artists nationally and internationally.^[1] The early artist-run centres in Canada were critical of the commodification of traditional art forms exhibited in mainstream galleries and institutions which did not show emerging and experimental works, interdisciplinary practices or the works of marginalized artists.^[2] In the 1990s there were over 100 artist-run centres across Canada. Today there are at least 60 artist-run centres with continuous operating funding.^{[citation needed]}

Similar artist-run organizations have been developed worldwide. In the US, they are commonly identified by the term artist-run space and in Australia by the term artist-run initiative (ARI).^{[citation needed]}

Focus

Each artist-run centre has a unique program, but most present contemporary art by Canadian and international artists, often in combination with critical writing and other public events such as lectures, performances, screenings, etc. The centres have tended to focus on emerging artists and artists working outside the commercial gallery system.^{[citation needed]}

Support

Funding

The primary source of funding for artist-run centres is the Canada Council which has a specific program of two-year operating support for artist-run centres. Most centres also receive funding from the Provincial governments, most of which have an arts council to financially assist individual artists and arts organizations. Centres may also receive funding from their local municipal or city governments.^{[citation needed]}

Support for artists

Artist-run centres create opportunities for artists to present their work. Centres typically accept submissions openly and make selections by a peer jury process although some centres also use curators to select projects.^{[citation needed]}

Canadian artist-run centres are committed to the principle of paying artists for the exhibition or presentation of their work. Indeed, centres are required to do so if they receive funding from the Canada Council.^{[citation needed]} A recommended minimum fee schedule for payment is provided by Canadian Artists Representation (CARFAC), a non-profit artists' advocacy group founded in 1968 that serves as the national voice of Canada's professional visual artists. CAR first suggested fee schedules to Canadian galleries in 1968; by 1971 they came more widely into use as a result of a threatened boycott of galleries by CAR members, and in 1988 the payment of an Exhibition Right for the public exhibition of artistic production became part of Canadian federal copyright law with an amendment to the Canadian Copyright Act (R.S., 1985, c. C-42)^[3] recognizing artists as the primary producers of culture and giving artists legal entitlement to exhibition and other fees.^[4]

Advocacy

Artist-run centres advocate an artist-centric approach, promoting artists' self-determination of what to present and how to present it. This approach has widely influenced the contemporary art scene.^[5]

Notes

^ http://goodreads.timothycomeau.com/aabronson/#1def Bronson, AA "The Humiliation of the Bureaucrat: Artist-Run Centres as Museums by Artists." Museums by Artists. AA Bronson and Peggy Gale, eds. Art Metropole, Toronto 1983.
^ Whitelaw, Anne (2010). The Visual Arts in Canada: The Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press. pp. 9–11. ISBN 9780195434590.
^ Branch, Legislative Services. "Consolidated federal laws of canada, Copyright Act". laws.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
^ "CARFAC Minimum Fee Schedule". CARFAC. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
^ Whitelaw, Anne (2012). The Visual Arts in Canada. Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press. p. 10. ISBN 9780195434590.

Bibliography

Bonin, Vincent, ed. "Documentary Protocols/Protocoles Documentaires (1967–1975)." Montreal: Galerie Leonard et Bina Ellen Gallery, 2010. ISBN 978-2920394810
Bronson, AA, ed. "From Sea to Shining Sea: Chronology of Artist-Initiated Activities in Canada 1939–1987." Toronto: Power Plant, 1987. ISBN 0921047207
Bronson, AA "The Humiliation of the Bureaucrat: Artist-Run Centres as Museums by Artists." Museums by Artists. AA Bronson and Peggy Gale, eds. Art Metropole, Toronto 1983. pp. 29–37. ISBN 0-920956-13-0
Khonsary, Jeff and Kristina Podesva, eds. Institutions by Artists: Volume One Vancouver: Fillip Editions and the Pacific Association of Artist Run Centres, 2012. ISBN 978-1-927354-02-5
Wallace, Keith "A Particular History of Artist-Run Centres in Vancouver." Vancouver Anthology 2nd Edition. Stan Douglas ed. Or Gallery, Talon Books, Vancouver 2011. pp. 29–51. ISBN 978-0-88922-614-2
O’Brian, Melanie, ed. "Vancouver Art & Economies." Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press and Artspeak, 2007. ISBN 978-1551522142
Tuer, Dot. "Mining the Media Archive: Essays on Art, Technology, and Cultural Resistance." Toronto: YYZ Books, 2005. ISBN 0920397352
Robertson, Clive. "Policy matters: Administrations of art and culture." TORONTO: YYZ Books, 2006. ISBN 0920397360
Durand, Guy Sioui. "L'art comme alternative: réseaux et pratiques d'art parallèle au Québec 1976-1996." Québec: Éditions Intervention, 1997. ISBN 2920500147
Gilbert, Bastien et al. "Decentre: Concerning Artist-Run Culture / À propos de centres d'artistes." Toronto: YYZ, 2008. ISBN 9780920397558

External links

[1] ttp://goodreads.timothycomeau.com/aabronson/#1def Bronson, AA "The Humiliation of the Bureaucrat: Artist-Run Centres as Museums by Artists." Museums by Artists. AA Bronson and Peggy Gale, eds. Art Metropole, Toronto 1983.

[2] Whitelaw, Anne (2010). The Visual Arts in Canada: The Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press. pp. 9–11. ISBN 9780195434590.

[3] Branch, Legislative Services. "Consolidated federal laws of canada, Copyright Act". laws.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 11 January 2018.

[4] "CARFAC Minimum Fee Schedule". CARFAC. Retrieved 11 January 2018.

[5] Whitelaw, Anne (2012). The Visual Arts in Canada. Don Mills, Ont.: Oxford University Press. p. 10. ISBN 9780195434590.

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v t e Canadian art
Organizations	Aesthetic Research Centre Art Metropole Arts and Letters Club of Toronto Canadian Artists' Representation (CARFAC) Canadian Conference of the Arts Emma Lake Artist's Workshops Heliconian Club Intermedia Maritime Art Association Royal Canadian Academy of Arts Sculptors Society of Canada Women's Art Association of Canada (WAAC) Vtape
Collectives	Beaver Hall Group Canadian Art Club Canadian Group of Painters Eastern Group of Painters Federation of Canadian Artists General Idea Group of Seven Jewish Painters of Montreal Ontario Society of Artists Painters Eleven Professional Native Indian Artists Inc. (Indian Group of Seven) Regina Five
Movements	Les Automatistes London Regionalism Plasticien Vancouver School
Styles	Formline art NSCAD conceptual art Woodlands style
Media	Canadian Art Canadian Forum Canadian Review of Music and Art FILE Megazine Fuse Parachute Vanguard
Related	Canadian artists Canadian artist-run centres Canadian art awards Canadian painters Canadian pavilion at the Venice Biennale Contemporary Canadian art Pedimental sculptures in Canada Artistic development of Tom Thomson Canada Council Governor General's Awards in Visual and Media Arts Refus Global