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Earl Spencer (title)

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Earldom of Spencer
Coat of arms
Creation date1 November 1765; 258 years ago (1 November 1765)
Created byGeorge III
PeeragePeerage of Great Britain
First holderJohn Spencer, 1st Viscount Spencer
Present holderCharles Spencer, 9th Earl
Heir apparentLouis Spencer, Viscount Althorp
Remainder to1st Earl's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
Subsidiary titlesViscount Althorp
Viscount Spencer
Baron Spencer of Althorp
Seat(s)Althorp
Spencer House

Earl Spencer is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain that was created on 1 November 1765, along with the title Viscount Althorp, of Althorp in the County of Northampton, for John Spencer, 1st Viscount Spencer.[1][2] He was a member of the prominent Spencer family and a great-grandson of the 1st Duke of Marlborough. Previously, he had been created Viscount Spencer, of Althorp in the County of Northampton, and Baron Spencer of Althorp, of Althorp in the County of Northampton, on 3 April 1761.[3][2]

The future 6th Earl Spencer was created Viscount Althorp, of Great Brington in the County of Northampton, on 19 December 1905 in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.[4] Diana, Princess of Wales, was the youngest of three daughters of the 8th Earl Spencer. William, Prince of Wales, and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, are grandsons of the 8th Earl Spencer.

Land holdings

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The family seat is Althorp in Northamptonshire.[2] It includes the civil parish of Althorp, in West Northamptonshire, of about 13,000 acres (5,300 ha).[a] The family's estate includes significant land holdings in other parts of the country, including the village of North Creake in Norfolk. The family also owns Spencer House in St James's, London.

Coat of arms

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The coat of arms of the family is as follows: Quarterly argent and gules, in the second and third quarters a fret or, over all on a bend sable, three escallops of the first. The crest, emerging from the coronet, is a griffin's head argent, gorged with a bar gemelle gules between two wings expanded of the second. The supporters are: Dexter, a griffin per fess ermine and erminois, gorged with a collar sable, the edges flory-counter-flory, and chained of the last, on the collar, three escallops argent; sinister, a wyvern erect on his tail ermine, collared and chained as the griffin. The motto is Dieu defend le droit (French: God protects the right).[7]

Earls Spencer (1765)

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John Spencer, 1st Earl Spencer,
by Thomas Gainsborough

The heir apparent is the present holder's son Louis Frederick John Spencer, Viscount Althorp (b. 1994).

Family tree

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This is a continuation of the Spencer/Spencer-Churchill family tree for the Althorp branch of the Spencers found in the Spencer family article.


Family tree of Spencer family of Althorp


Arms

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Coat of arms of Earl Spencer
Coronet
A Coronet of an Earl
Crest
Out of a Ducal Coronet Or a Griffin's Head Azure gorged with a Bar Gemelle Gules between two Wings expanded of the second
Escutcheon
Quarterly Argent and Gules, in the 2nd and 3rd quarters a Fret Or, over all on a Bend Sable three Escallops of the first
Supporters
Dexter: A Griffin per fess Ermine and Erminois gorged with a Collar Sable the edges flory-counterflory and chained of the last and on the Collar three Escallops Argent; Sinister: A Wyvern Erect on his tail Ermine similarly collared and chained
Motto
Dieu Defend Le Droit (God defends the right)

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Sources differ on the exact size of the estate, but most state 13,000 or 14,000 acres. The official website claims 13,000 acres,[5] but Paprocki and others mention 14,000.[6]

References

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  1. ^ "No. 10562". The London Gazette. 5 October 1765. p. 1.
  2. ^ a b c Burke, John (1833). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. London: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. p. 466.
  3. ^ "No. 10092". The London Gazette. 4 April 1761. p. 1.
  4. ^ "No. 27868". The London Gazette. 29 December 1905. p. 9319.
  5. ^ "The Estate". Spencerofalthorp.com. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  6. ^ Paprocki 2009, p. 31.
  7. ^ Townend, Peter (ed.). Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage (103rd ed.). Burke's Peerage Limited. p. 2282.
  8. ^ Kate Fleming, The Churchills, Viking Press, 1975
  9. ^ Herman, Eleanor (2005). Sex with Kings: 500 Years of Adultery, Power, Rivalry, and Revenge. Pushed into War, Sold into Marriage: William Morrow. p. 190. ISBN 0060585439.

Sources

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Further reading

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