Haplogroup Q-L54
| Haplogroup Q-L54 | |
|---|---|
| Possible place of origin | Eurasia |
| Ancestor | Q-L53 |
| Descendants | Q-L330, Q-M3, Q-M971, Q-Z780, Q-L804 |
| Defining mutations | L54 |
Haplogroup Q-L54 is a subclade of Y-DNA haplogroup Q-L53. Q1a3a-L54 is defined by the presence of the L54 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).
Distribution
[edit]Q-L54 has descendants across Western and Central Europe, the North and East of Asia, and the Americas. It includes two of the major pre-Columbian paternal lineages in the Americas: Q-M3 and Q-M971. The boy Anzick-1, who lived 12,600 years ago and was found in the state of Montana, has a Y-chromosome that refers to haplogroup Q-M971 (Q-L54*(xM3)).[1][2][3] Q-L54 descendant lines also include two Eurasian paternal lineages, the Central Asian Q-L330 lineage and the Scandinavian Q-L804.[3] Q-L330 is also found in some men with Romaniote Jewish paternal lines from Greece. Q-L804 is Scandinavian and the TMRCA is just over 3000 years.[4] Haplogroup Q‐L54 is dominant in two North Siberian populations, the Kets and Selkups, with frequencies of 97.7% and 66.7%, respectively.[5]
Associated SNP's
[edit]Q-L54 is currently defined by the L54 SNP alone.
Subgroups
[edit]Current status of the polygenetic tree for Q-L54 is published by Pinotti et al. in the article Y Chromosome Sequences Reveal a Short Beringian Standstill, Rapid Expansion, and early Population structure of Native American Founders. Calibrated phylogeny of Y haplogroup Q-L54.[6]
- L54
- Q-L330
- Q-MPB001 (18.9 kya)
- Q-CTS1780
- Q-M930
- Q-L804
- Q-M3 (15.0 kya)
- Q-Y4308
- Q-M848 (14.9 kya)
The 2013 version of the polygenetic tree for haplogroup Q-L54 made by Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center: Proposed Tree.
- L54
See also
[edit]Y-DNA Q-M242 Subclades
[edit]Y-DNA Backbone Tree
[edit]
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Footnotes
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References
[edit]- ^ M. Rasmussen et al. The genome of a Late Pleistocene human from a Clovis burial site in western Montana // Nature. 2014. V. 506. P. 225–229.
- ^ Jennifer A. Raff & Deborah A. Bolnick. Palaeogenomics: Genetic roots of the first Americans // Nature. 2014. V. 506. P. 162–163.
- ^ a b Kivisild, Toomas (2017-03-04). "The study of human Y chromosome variation through ancient DNA". Human Genetics. 136 (5). Springer Nature: 529–546. doi:10.1007/s00439-017-1773-z. ISSN 0340-6717. PMC 5418327. PMID 28260210.
- ^ "Q-L804 YTree".
- ^ Karafet, Tatiana M.; Osipova, Ludmila P.; Savina, Olga V.; Hallmark, Brian; Hammer, Michael F. (2018). "Siberian genetic diversity reveals complex origins of the Samoyedic-speaking populations". American Journal of Human Biology. 30 (6). Wiley: e23194. doi:10.1002/ajhb.23194. ISSN 1042-0533. PMID 30408262.
- ^ Pinotti, Thomaz; Bergström, Anders; Geppert, Maria; Bawn, Matt; Ohasi, Dominique; Shi, Wentao; Lacerda, Daniela R.; Solli, Arne; Norstedt, Jakob; Reed, Kate; Dawtry, Kim; González-Andrade, Fabricio; Paz-y-Miño, Cesar; Revollo, Susana; Cuellar, Cinthia; Jota, Marilza S.; Santos, José E.; Ayub, Qasim; Kivisild, Toomas; Sandoval, José R.; Fujita, Ricardo; Xue, Yali; Roewer, Lutz; Santos, Fabrício R.; Tyler-Smith, Chris (2018). "Y Chromosome Sequences Reveal a Short Beringian Standstill, Rapid Expansion, and early Population structure of Native American Founders". Current Biology. 29 (1). Elsevier BV: 149–157.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.029. hdl:20.500.12727/6107. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 30581024.