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Romanization of Lao

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Lao romanization systems are transcriptions of the Lao script into the Latin alphabet.

Tables

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Consonants

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The table below shows the Lao consonant letters and their transcriptions according to IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), BGN/PCGN romanization (1966 system), LC (US ALA-LC romanization), and Royal Thai General System of Transcription (1999 version) used in Thailand, as well as the transcriptions used in the Unicode names of the letters, and in official Lao government usage.

Character Initial position Final position
IPA BGN LC RTGS IPA BGN LC RTGS
/k/ k /k/ k
/kʰ/ kh
/kʰ/ kh
/ŋ/ ng /ŋ/ ng
/tɕ/ ch
/s/ s
/s/ x s
/ɲ/ gn ny y /j/ y i
/d/ d /t/ t
/t/ t
/tʰ/ th
/tʰ/ th
/n/ n /n/ ne n
/b/ b /p/ p
/p/ p
/pʰ/ ph
/f/ f
/pʰ/ ph
/f/ f
/m/ m /m/ m
/j/ y
/r/, /l/ r
/l/ l
/w/ v v, w w /w/ w o
/h/ h
/ʔ/
/h/ h

Vowel nuclei

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The table below shows the Lao vowel nuclei, combined with the consonant ກ.

IPA BGN LC RTGS Unicode IPA BGN LC RTGS Unicode IPA BGN LC RTGS Unicode IPA BGN LC RTGS Unicode
ກະ/ກັກ /a/ a a a a ກາ /aː/ a ā a aa
ກິ /i/ i i i i ກີ /iː/ i ī i ii ເກັຽະ/ເກັຍ /iaʔ/ ia ia ia ເກັຽ/ເກຍ/ກຽກ /ia/ ia īa ia
ກຶ /ɯ/ u ư ue y ກື /ɯː/ u ư̄ ue yy ເກຶອ /ɯaʔ/ ua ưa uea ເກືອ /ɯa/ ua ư̄a uea
ກຸ /u/ ou u u u ກູ /uː/ ou ū u uu ກົວະ /uaʔ/ oua ua ua ກົວ/ ກວກ /ua/ oua ūa ua
ເກະ/ເກັກ /e/ é e e ເກ /eː/ é ē e e
ແກະ/ແກັກ /ɛ/ è æ ae ແກ /ɛː/ è ǣ ae ei
ໂກະ/ກົກ /o/ ô o o ໂກ /oː/ ô ō o o
ເກາະ/ກັອກ /ɔ/ o o ກໍ/ກອກ /ɔː/ o ō̜ o
ເກິ/ເກິະ /ɤ/ eu œ oe ເກີ /ɤː/ eu œ̄ oe
ໄກ/ໃກ/ກັຍ /aj/ ai ai ai ai/ay ກາຍ/ກາຽ /aːj/ ai āi ai ai
ເກົາ /aw/ ao ao ao ao
ກໍາ /am/ am am am am

See also

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  • Report on the current status of United Nations romanization systems for geographical names - Lao (PDF; this document refers to the Lao Commission Nationale de Toponymie. There is no Lao romanization system officially adopted by the UN.)
  • Library of Congress romanization table for Lao (PDF)
  • Unicode code chart for Lao
  • ANSI Z39.35-1979, System for the Romanization of Lao, Khmer, and Pali; ISBN 0-88738-968-6.