Manila conflict (1769)

Manila conflict
Date	1769
Location	Luzon, Manila
Result	Bruneian Victory
Belligerents
Bruneian Empire	Sulu Sultanate (1769); Spanish Empire
Commanders and leaders
Omar Ali Saifuddin I; Pehin Orang Kaya Di-Gadong Seri Lela Awang Aliwaddin	Azim ud-Din I
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown

The Manila conflict, sometimes called the Second Castilian War, was a brief conflict between the Bruneian Sultanate and the Sultanate of Sulu and later the Spanish Empire.

Background

After Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin learned about the situation in Manila of the Philippines, due to it being Bruneian territory, he was not pleased. As a result, he gave command to attack Sultan Alimuddin in Manila with his forces under the command of Pehin Orang Kaya Di-Gadong Seri Lela Awang Aliwaddin in 1769.^[1]

War

The mission did not arrive in Manila until 1769 because the expedition's preparations took so long. Sultan Alimuddin had already departed Manila for Sulu, therefore Manila was under Spanish rule when the siege began.^[2] The siege was successful as Manila was captured by the Brunei sultanate.^[3]

Aftermath

This victory showed that Brunei could still defeat European empires and also showed that Spain was weaker than the last time Brunei fought Spain in 1578.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Masa silam sarana masa depan: kumpulan kertas kerja Seminar Sejarah Brunei II (in Malay). Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan. 1999. p. 18. ISBN 978-99917-34-16-3.
^ al-Sufri (Haji), Awang Mohd Jamil (2002). Survival of Brunei: A Historical Perspective. Brunei History Centre, Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. p. 36. ISBN 978-99917-34-18-7.
^ 50 Years Historical Moments of Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, 1958-2008 (in Malay). Ministry of Religious Affairs, Negara Brunei Darussalam. 2008. p. 68. ISBN 978-99917-922-0-0.

[:2-1] Masa silam sarana masa depan: kumpulan kertas kerja Seminar Sejarah Brunei II (in Malay). Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan. 1999. p. 18. ISBN 978-99917-34-16-3.

[2] -Sufri (Haji), Awang Mohd Jamil (2002). Survival of Brunei: A Historical Perspective. Brunei History Centre, Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. p. 36. ISBN 978-99917-34-18-7.

[3] 50 Years Historical Moments of Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, 1958-2008 (in Malay). Ministry of Religious Affairs, Negara Brunei Darussalam. 2008. p. 68. ISBN 978-99917-922-0-0.

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