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Myron G. Barlow

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Myron G. Barlow
Autochrome by Georges Chevalier, 1930
Born(1870-04-15)April 15, 1870[A]
Ionia, Michigan, U.S.
DiedAugust 14, 1937(1937-08-14) (aged 67)[3]
Étaples, France
Resting placeÉtaples
Education
Known forpaintings
StyleGenre painting[7]
Movement
Awards

Myron G. Barlow (May 1870 in Ionia – 14 August 1937 in Étaples) was an American figurative painter known for his paintings of the lives of rural French women. A gold medalist in international art exhibitions, he had a home at the Etaples art colony (the colony a place in France in which American artists converged before World War 1). He was friend to Henry Ossawa Tanner. He also remained a resident of Detroit.[14]

Biography

[edit]
Confidences, circa 1910. Barlow had another painting called Confidences featuring 3 women around a table, sold in 1912.[15]

Myron G. Barlow was born on April 15, 1873 in Ionia, Michigan of the marriage of Adolph and Fanny Barlow.[16] His father had been born in Breslau, Germany, immigrating to the United States in 1849 and serving in the Union Army with the 5th Michigan Infantry Regiment during the Civil War.[17][18] Barlow trained at the Detroit Museum School (later the Detroit Fine Arts Academy), where he studied with Joseph W. Gies (1860–1935).[19][20][21] He began his career as a "sketch artist" on the staff of the Detroit Free Press.[22] He would also study at the Art Institute of Chicago.

Barlow left for Europe in 1893 to study, and, upon his arrival in France at the age of twenty-one, was noticed by William Bouguereau.[23][19] He enrolled at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris where he was a student of Jean-Léon Gérôme.[19][14] In Amsterdam he discovered Johannes Vermeer while reproducing paintings at the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.[13][19] His paintings have been compared to Vermeers, many featuring women set into a "dreamlike atmosphere", caught frozen in a moment, with the image dominated by an overall color.[13] An overall theme throughout his paintings is the depiction of "the luxury of the poor."[24] Another critic described his art as showing the quiet "resignation of feminine labor."[25][26]

Around 1900 in France, Barlow settled in Trépied, near Étaples[13] and joined the Étaples school of painters. He used three models in this period; Julie Sailly, Louise Descharles (born in 1909) whom he would paint for twenty years, and her sister Marie.[27][28] Possibly he had more than one Louise as a model, or one model had three names over time; Louise Perrault, Louise Grandidier and Louise Descharles were all cited as Barlow's model.[28][29][30]

He ran an art school in Etaples.[31] Among his students was James S. Booth.

Barlow was a regular exhibitor in the Paris Salon of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts (National Society of Fine Arts), and his name was used in newspapers in the United States to denote American participation in the event. In 1907, he was the only American elected to the society.[5][13] Like the Société des Artistes Français, which put on the Paris Salon, the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts was a professional association which put on art exhibitions. He became a full member of the society in 1915, when his paintings won the gold medal.[11] He exhibited consistently over years, and it was noted that critiques of Salon works often found time to mention his paintings.[32]

The Gossips. Possibly the 1904 award-winning painting.

In 1914, he was a founding member of a group in France calling themselves the American Artists Association, along with Frederick Carl Frieseke, Richard E. Miller, Myron Barlow, George Elmer Browne, Max Bohm, Henry Ossawa Tanner, Walter Griffin, John Noble, Charles Hawthorne and George Oberteuffer.[5][33]

Barlow returned temporarily to the United States when the German army in World War 1 overran the area he lived in, near Belgium.[34] His work was part of a group of American paintings brought from France to San Francisco on the Navy ship U.S.S. Jason, for exhibition in the Panama-Pacific Exhibition.[11][35] For that show, he exhibited the same paintings which won him full membership in the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, and they won the gold medal at the Panama-Pacific Exhibition as well.[11]

He lived for a period in "artist's colony", whose members included Joseph Gies (one of Barlow's former teachers), Frances Paulus, Ivan Swift, and John Morse.[36]

In Detroit, he was president of the Scarab Club around 1918. Among his major accomplishments were four large murals which he painted for the main auditorium of Temple Beth-El, completed in 1925.[37]

He is recognized for his work with gold medals at the St. Louis[38] and Panama Pacific exhibition,[22][39] and for having his works purchased by numerous international museums, including the Quentovic Museum in Étaples in France, the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and the Detroit Institute of Arts. The Detroit Club and the private collection of Baron Edmond de Rothschild include works by Barlow.[13][19][40]

After World War 1, he returned to France in May 1920.[41]

Barlow lived both in Etaples and in Detroit.[13][42] While his primary home was to become Etaples, he continued to interact with the Detroit community, making trips back.[42][43] At the end of his life, living in Detroit, his final trip to Etaples was with the intention of selling his house there, to spend his final years in Detroit.[13] He died in France on 14 August 1937 in Étaples in the Pas-de-Calais department and is buried in the municipal cemetery.[44][45]

Connection to Breslau Jewish community

[edit]

Myron Barlow's grandparents emigrated from Breslau, Germany to the United States by way of Hull, bringing Myron's father Adolph with them.[17] Had they remained and he born in Breslau, they would have been part of the Jewish community there that numbered about 7,384 in 1849 and 20,202 in 1933.[46] That community was devastated after 1933; its population shrank to 10,309 by 1939.[46] Hitler's 3rd Reich shut down most places of worship and schools for Jewish people in 1939 and sent the population to concentration and extermination camps in 1941-1942, including Auschwitz, Sobibor, Riga, and Theresienstadt.[46]

Myron died in 1937, about the time the destruction of his ancestral community was beginning; had his family been in Breslau in the four years after his death, they would have suffered the same fate as other Jewish people in their community.

Murals in Detroit

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Myron Barlow created mural paintings for his parents' synagogue in Detroit, at the suggestion of Rabbi Leo M. Franklin.[4] It was mentioned that Barlow looked at the work of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo in France, and he himself studied and possibly painted ceilings in Paris.[47] Four murals in the Temple Beth El were dedicated in 1925 and still survive today, each measuring 8 feet 3 inches in diameter.[48][49] Barlow's four paintings were painted on canvas in France and then brought to the United States by him, to be installed in the temple.[48] The paintings were written about in March 1923, when the first to be completed, "The Prophet in Conflict With The Church" was displayed at the Institute of Arts.[50] They were among the first paintings to be placed in a Jewish temple as decoration.[51]

The four paintings were written about in The Advocate in 1925. The paintings include The Patriarch in which Abraham welcomes three strangers, The Prophet in which 11 figures react to the words of a prophet, a painting of older European Jews from the middle ages teaching the young, and The Immigrant depicting an immigrant with prayer book passing the Statue of Liberty.[48]

He had a family connection to the temple. In his mother's obituary, the temple was listed as the one she attended.[52] His father's funeral services took place at the temple.[17] His sister Rose was also active at the temple.[4]

In a separate event, when the older Beth El Temple was converted into the Bonstelle Theatre, Barlow directed the interior decoration in "Italian style."[53]

Murals in the Bethel Community Transformation Center in Detroit, painted by Myron Barlow

[edit]
  • The Patriarch, or Abraham, the Messenger of the Lord[54]
    The Patriarch, or Abraham, the Messenger of the Lord[54]
  • The Prophet, The Prophet in Conflict With the Church[54]
    The Prophet, The Prophet in Conflict With the Church[54]
  • The Student in the Time of the Middle Ages[54]
    The Student in the Time of the Middle Ages[54]
  • The Immigrant, or The Hope of the Future[54]
    The Immigrant, or The Hope of the Future[54]
  • Myron Barlow paintings, Beth El Temple, Detroit Free Press, March 22, 1925
    Myron Barlow paintings, Beth El Temple, Detroit Free Press, March 22, 1925

Tonality

[edit]
Two color styles
Two Women with a bowl of flowers on a table. Example of Barlow's use of delicate blues, greys and mauves. c. 1912
Grandfather, 1903. Possibly Barlow's 1904 Paris Salon painting.[55] This color scheme was described as "Rembrandt shades".[56]

About 1909, Barlow made a shift in the way he was using colors. His hometown newspaper, the Detroit Free Press, commented on his shift, saying, "The low, dark tones in which Mr. Barlow painted at the time of his last exhibition [1907[57]] have given place to harmonious gray and blue tints."[58] Another said, "dreamy studies...in greys, blues and mauves."[59]

His color was further characterized in 1914, as being of "light, reserved tones...delicate shades...."[60]

In 1916, the work was defined as "blue pictures," "high key" with "figures placed against a very light or white background."[5] He claimed to have pioneered pictures in an overall blue cast;[5] another to use this blue cast was his friend Henry Ossawa Tanner.[61]

[edit]
  • Myron G. Barlow, circa 1907–1908
    Myron G. Barlow, circa 1907–1908
  • Myron Barlow (second from right) with Henry Ossawa Tanner and Tanner's wife Jessie and son Jessie seated around him.
    Myron Barlow (second from right) with Henry Ossawa Tanner and Tanner's wife Jessie and son Jessie seated around him.
  • Reading, from Detroit Free Press, Apr 5, 1936[62]
    Reading, from Detroit Free Press, Apr 5, 1936[62]
  • Woman at table, by Myon G. Barlow
    Woman at table, by Myon G. Barlow
  • Shepherdess, from page 284 of "Studio international" (June 1912)"[63][24] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[64]
    Shepherdess, from page 284 of "Studio international" (June 1912)"[63][24] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[64]
  • The Question, from page 285 of "International studio" (June 1912)[63][24] Also, The Embarrassing Question.[65] Entry for Paris Salon (Beaux Arts), 1910.[65] 23rd Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[66]
    The Question, from page 285 of "International studio" (June 1912)[63][24] Also, The Embarrassing Question.[65] Entry for Paris Salon (Beaux Arts), 1910.[65] 23rd Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[66]
  • Causerie, from page 286 of "Studio international" (June 1912)[63][24] 23rd Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1910.[66]
    Causerie, from page 286 of "Studio international" (June 1912)[63][24] 23rd Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1910.[66]
  • Disdain, from page 287 of "Studio international" (June 1912)[63][24] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1911.[64]
    Disdain, from page 287 of "Studio international" (June 1912)[63][24] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1911.[64]
  • Le Crochet. Entry for Paris Salon (Beaux Arts), 1913. Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 63.[67]
    Le Crochet. Entry for Paris Salon (Beaux Arts), 1913. Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 63.[67]
  • The Wool Winders in Hearst's Magazine, Volume 24, page 947. (December 1913). Or Winders, Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 66.[67]
    The Wool Winders in Hearst's Magazine, Volume 24, page 947. (December 1913). Or Winders, Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 66.[67]
  • Grandfather, from newspaper, Detroit Free Press, announced May 26, 1910, as selling in a charity auction[68] Original painting from 1903.[69]
    Grandfather, from newspaper, Detroit Free Press, announced May 26, 1910, as selling in a charity auction[68] Original painting from 1903.[69]
  • Reflection
    Reflection
  • The Kettle Watch, 1904. Private collection. Also called Cinderella[70] Entry to Beaux Arts Salon in 1905.[71]
    The Kettle Watch, 1904. Private collection. Also called Cinderella[70] Entry to Beaux Arts Salon in 1905.[71]
  • unititled, woman resting in firelit room. c. 1900-1909. Saginaw Art Museum
    unititled, woman resting in firelit room. c. 1900-1909. Saginaw Art Museum
  • In the Garden. Appears to be Fleurs Roses (Pink Flowers), owned by M. Rothschild and exhibited at the Beaux Arts Salon.[72]
    In the Garden. Appears to be Fleurs Roses (Pink Flowers), owned by M. Rothschild and exhibited at the Beaux Arts Salon.[72]
  • Woman arranging flowers, c. 1915. Asheville Art Museum
    Woman arranging flowers, c. 1915. Asheville Art Museum
  • Scaling fish
    Scaling fish
  • A Chat or Causerie. Exhibited at the International Exhibition of Art (1911).[73] Also exhibited 23rd annual exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1910.[74][66]
    A Chat or Causerie. Exhibited at the International Exhibition of Art (1911).[73] Also exhibited 23rd annual exhibition, Chicago Art Institute, 1910.[74][66]
  • Poisson rose (Pink fish). 105th Annual Exhibition, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 1910.[75]
    Poisson rose (Pink fish). 105th Annual Exhibition, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 1910.[75]
  • Adjusting the Hat
    Adjusting the Hat
  • Young Girl Braiding Her Hair. c. 1912. Bought by James S. Booth, who studied under Tanner about 1911, after attending the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris.[13] Collection of Cranbrook Educational Community, in Thornlea house.[13]
    Young Girl Braiding Her Hair. c. 1912. Bought by James S. Booth, who studied under Tanner about 1911, after attending the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris.[13] Collection of Cranbrook Educational Community, in Thornlea house.[13]
  • Portrait of a woman with a bowl of apples
    Portrait of a woman with a bowl of apples
  • Gathering apples
    Gathering apples
  • Les Pommes or Apples, 1914. Detroit Institute of Arts, oil on canvas, 59 3/8 × 59 1/4 inches. Award winning painting from the Panama-Pacific Exposition.[76]
    Les Pommes or Apples, 1914. Detroit Institute of Arts, oil on canvas, 59 3/8 × 59 1/4 inches. Award winning painting from the Panama-Pacific Exposition.[76]
  • A Cup of Tea, late 1890s. Detroit Institute of Arts, oil on canvas, 30 1/2 x 39 3/4 inches.[4] Formerly in Detroit Museum of Art.[77]
    A Cup of Tea, late 1890s. Detroit Institute of Arts, oil on canvas, 30 1/2 x 39 3/4 inches.[4] Formerly in Detroit Museum of Art.[77]
  • Woman with strawberries
    Woman with strawberries
  • Peasant Sewing
    Peasant Sewing
  • A Woman in an Interior
    A Woman in an Interior
  • Dutch women drinking coffee or Hospitality.[78][79] Entry in Beaux Arts Salon, 1908.[78]
    Dutch women drinking coffee or Hospitality.[78][79] Entry in Beaux Arts Salon, 1908.[78]
  • untitled
    untitled
  • Shepherdess, by 1911.[64][80] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[64] Possibly the painting titled Reveries in 1918 featuring Julie Sailly.[34][81]
    Shepherdess, by 1911.[64][80] 24th Annual Exhibition, Chicago Art Institute.[64] Possibly the painting titled Reveries in 1918 featuring Julie Sailly.[34][81]
  • In the field. May also be the painting titled Reveries.[34]
    In the field. May also be the painting titled Reveries.[34]
  • Myron Barlow memories of Picardy during 1918, as WW1 dominated French life, featuring story of Julie Sailly
    Myron Barlow memories of Picardy during 1918, as WW1 dominated French life, featuring story of Julie Sailly
  • Afternoon Read or The Poilu's Letter, 1918, featuring Julie Sailly reading a letter from her soldier.[82]
    Afternoon Read or The Poilu's Letter, 1918, featuring Julie Sailly reading a letter from her soldier.[82]
  • Louise belle femme or Louise Pretty Woman, Étaples, Quentovic Museum (in French).[78] The model was Louise Perrault.[28]
    Louise belle femme or Louise Pretty Woman, Étaples, Quentovic Museum (in French).[78] The model was Louise Perrault.[28]
  • Winding yarn. The model was Louise Descharles.[30] Collections of the Pas-de-Calais Department Council[83] Probably early 1930s.[84]
    Winding yarn. The model was Louise Descharles.[30] Collections of the Pas-de-Calais Department Council[83] Probably early 1930s.[84]
  • Lady with apples
    Lady with apples
  • Two women. Caption reads "To my friend [John Pressing] M Barlow". Collection of Rahr West Art Museum, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, gift of Ned Mac Williams, 84.1[85]
    Two women. Caption reads "To my friend [John Pressing] M Barlow". Collection of Rahr West Art Museum, Manitowoc, Wisconsin, gift of Ned Mac Williams, 84.1[85]
  • Seamstress or Old Shawls, Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 64.[67]
    Seamstress or Old Shawls, Paris Salon des Beaux Arts, 1913, entry 64.[67]
  • Laundress. The model was Louise Descharles.[30] Collections of the Pas-de-Calais Department Council[83]
    Laundress. The model was Louise Descharles.[30] Collections of the Pas-de-Calais Department Council[83]
  • By the fire. 1912[67]
    By the fire. 1912[67]
  • Sharing a drink[86]
    Sharing a drink[86]
  • Tea for two
    Tea for two
  • unitled
    unitled
  • Idle Conversation, 1903
    Idle Conversation, 1903
  • title unknown
    title unknown
  • Portrait of a Young Woman
    Portrait of a Young Woman
  • The Crystal Ball
    The Crystal Ball
  • Jeune Femme assise or Young Woman seated. Musée du Touquet[87]
    Jeune Femme assise or Young Woman seated. Musée du Touquet[87]
  • Broken Jug
    Broken Jug
  • The Shepherdess
    The Shepherdess
  • The shepherdess
    The shepherdess
  • Wild carnations
    Wild carnations
  • Three sisters
    Three sisters

Honors

[edit]

Barlow listed his honors in 1919:[88]

  • Six Academic Medals, Paris
  • Gold Medal, First Class, St. Louis Exposition, 1904
  • Gold Medal, First Class, San Francisco Exposition, 1914
  • Hors Concours [special status, no longer has to compete to get paintings entered], Paris Salon of Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts
  • Member of the Paris Jury for Panama-Pacific Exposition
  • Member of the Jury in Paris for the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts Exhibition
  • Societaire [full member] Societe Nationale des Beaux Arts Salon, Paris
  • Member Paris Society of American Painters
  • Member Societe Internationale des Peintres et Sculpteurs, Paris
  • Member Societe Internationale des Beaux Arts et des Lettres, Paris
  • Member American Art Association, Paris
  • Member Philadelphia Art Club

Salon entries

[edit]
  • 1901 Fisher Girl Mending Nets (actually an entry to the Society of Oil Painters, London)[89] Listed as one of the Americans with paintings in the Salon[90]
  • 1904 Entry 82 Grand-père (Grandfather)[55]
Tasse de café, 1907 entry for Paris Salon.[91][92] 1907 was the year he was elected to the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts.[93] He gained full membership in 1912.[10]
  • 1905 Cinderella, Early Morning in Brittany, 2 portraits with unknown titles[94][71]
  • 1906 Les curieuse (The Curious) and Consolation maternelle (Maternal Consolation)[95]
  • 1907 Entry 57 Le dévidage and entry (58) Tasse de café[91]
  • 1908 Entry 56. Hospitalité, entry 57 La bergère bleue, entry 58 La visite, entry 59 La lettre[96]
  • 1909 "[unnamed] dreamy studies of Normandy women in gray blues and mauves"[97]
  • 1910 "[unnamed] delicate genre studies"[98]
  • 1911
  • 1912 The Choice, The Toilette , A Girl Reading[99][100] The Choice, By the Fire[67]
  • 1913, 6 paintings (as a Societaire).[101] Le Crochet[102] Old Shawls, Winding, A Sad Novel[67]
  • 1914, 5 paintings entered (as a Societaire).[60]
  • 1915 No Salon due to World War 1
  • 1916 No Salon due to World War 1
  • 1917 No Salon due to World War 1
  • 1918 No Salon due to World War 1
La Bergère Bleue (The Blue Shepherdess), 1908 Salon entry[96]

Titles of other works

[edit]

These may or may not have been at the Paris Salon

  • 1901 The Fisherman's Daughter, displayed at the Chicago Art Institute[106]
  • 1907 at the Detroit Museum of Art: Maternal Consolations, Curios, On the Dunes, Moonrise, Bringing Home the Cows, Snowballs, Burning Weeds[107]

Works in public collections

[edit]

France

[edit]
  • Étaples, Quentovic Museum (in French), Louise belle femme (Louise beautiful woman), oil on canvas[28]
  • Le Touquet-Paris-Plage Museum - Édouard Champion (in French)
    • Cruche cassée (Broken jug), oil on canvas, 75 × 75 cm , circa 1932, gift from the artist to the museum
    • Jeune fille assise (Young Woman seated), oil on canvas, 75 × 75 cm , circa 1932, gift from the artist to the museum[108]
  • Collections of the Pas-de-Calais Department Council

United States

[edit]

Works in private collections

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Although his passport give his birthdate as "on or about the 15th day of April 1873" Myron Barlow appeared on the 1870 census in Ionia Michigan, with a birth month of May.[1][2]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Myon Barlow Census • United States Census, 1870". familysearch.org. Page No. 9 Inhabitants in Village of Ionia in the State of Michigan enumerated by me on the 26th day of July, 1870... Line 9 Barlow, Myron Age 1/12 Sex M Color W Place of birth Michigan Father of foreign birth x Mother of foreign birth x If born within the year, state month May
  2. ^ "United States of America Petition for Naturalization". FamilySearch. [Note: This was a legal document signed by Myron's father that detailed the circumstances for the family's arrival in America and the birthdate of 8 out of 9 of the family's children. Myron was listed as born 15 April 1870. He had used 15 April on other documents as his birthday, but always wrote 1873. The 1870 Cenus and the Petition for Naturalization, both having his father give the information use the year 1870.]
  3. ^ "Obituaries: Myron Barlow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 16 August 1937. p. 15. Word that Mr. Barlow, former Detroiter and internationally famed painter, died in France Saturday night was received Sunday by members of his family in Detroit. He died at his home near Etaples, on the French North Coast, overlooking the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. He had owned the home since before the World War.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Annette Stott (1987). "Myron Barlow (1873-1937)". Artists of Michigan from the nineteenth century : a sesquicentennial exhibition commemorating Michigan statehood, 1837-1987 : the Muskegon Museum of Art, the Detroit Historical Museum. Muskegon Museum of Art. pp. 111–113. ...he studied at the Detroit Museum School with the local porait painter Joseph W. Gies. By the time he was nineteen, Barlow was listing himself as an artist in the city directory and had entered Charles E. Boutwood's advance course in figure painting and portraiture at the Evening School of the Art Institute of Chicago. A year later Barlow set sail for Paris, the mecca of young artists during this time.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Michigan's Contribution to Art". Michigan Library Bulletin. 7 (2): 30–31. BARLOW, MYRON, (P.) b. Ionia, Michigan, 1873. A pupil of the Art Institute, Chicago; Gérome and Ecoledes Beaux Arts in Paris. He received his first medal in 1894 when he exhibited at the Academie Colarossi; and when elected a member of the Société Nationale des Beaux Arts in 1907 he was the only American to receive the honor at that time. He is a member of the Paris American Artists Association.
  6. ^ a b "Given first prize". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 2 April 1894. p. 5.
  7. ^ a b "Hail Simon as Master". The Times-Democrat. New Orleans, Louisiana. 14 April 1910. p. 2. The Efforts of Myron Barlow...lauded... Paris, April 13... Société National des Beaux Arts... Among other much-admired work of Americans are Myron Barlow's Delicate Genre studies...
  8. ^ "Artist Myron Barlow Visiting the Scenes of His Youth". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 2 March 1905. p. 11.
  9. ^ "Detroit Artist Honored". The Times Herald. Port Huron, Michigan. 3 July 1907. p. 4.
  10. ^ a b "More Than Two-Score Americans". Boston Evening Transcript. Boston, Massachusetts. 3 May 1913. p. 37. More Than Two-Score Americans Forty to fifty Americans exhibit this year in the section of oil. Among them are eight societaires (full member); Alexander Harrison (since 1890), Gari Melchers (since 1895), Jules Stewart (since 1899), Walter Gay and Elizabeth Nourse (since 1901), Cecilia Beaux (since 1902), Frederick Frieseke (since 1906) and Myron Barlow (since 1912).
  11. ^ a b c d e "Three Pictures by Local Artist Awarded Medal". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 4 August 1915. p. 9.
  12. ^ "The Second Annual Exhibition". Bulletin of the Detroit Museum of Art. 10 (9): 5. May 1916. Myron Barlow is represented by his prize picture "Apples," awarded gold medal at the Panama-Pacific Exposition
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Leslie S. Mio. "There's Always a Detroit Connection". Cranbrook Kitchen Sink, Cranbrook Center for Collections and Research. In 1907, he was the only American elected to the Societe Nationale des Beaux-Arts and in 1932 was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor by the French Government.
  14. ^ a b "Artist Myron Barlow Visiting Scenes of His Youth". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 2 March 1905. p. 11. Mr. Barlow has been abroad for fourteen years, but he has always made it a point for the last five years to get back to this city, during the winter. He received most of his art education at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, in Paris, but has also been in Holland and England.
  15. ^ "Crowd at Picture Sale". New-York Tribune. New York, New York. 8 March 1912. p. 7. Frank A. Vanderlip...and for Myron Barlow's "Confidences," showing three peasant girls gathered about a table in a cottage, he paid $420.
  16. ^ "Notice de personne Myron G. Barlow". BnF General Catalog (catalogue.bnf.fr). Barlow, Myron (1873–1937) international form Country: United States Gender: Male Birth: 1873-04-15, Ionia, Mich. Dead: 1937-08-14, Étaples (Pas-de-Calais) Painter of the Étaples School..
  17. ^ a b c "Adolph Barlow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 21 September 1934. p. 5.
  18. ^ "United States Passport Applications, 1795-1925 (M1490) Passport Applicat... 2, 1906 - March 31, 1925 Roll 2249, 1923 May, certificate no 281850-282349". familysearch.org. United States of America State of Michigan County of Wayne
    I Myron Barlow, a NATIVE AND LOYAL CITIZEN OF THE UNITED STATES hereby apply to the Department of State, at Washington, for a passport. I solemnly swear that I was born at Ionia in the State of Michigan, on or about the 15th day of April, 1873; that my father Adolph Barlow, was born in Breslau Germany and is now residing at 362 Woodland Ave, Detroit, Mich. [that he emigrated to the United States from the port of Hull, England on or about June, 1849; that he resided 74 years, uninterruptedly, in the United States from 1849 to 1923, at Detroit, Mich.; that he was naturalized as a citizen of the United States and automatically having served as an N. C. Officer in the Civil War 1861-1865]; that I have resided outside of the United States at the following places for the following periods: France, from 1920-1923 and that I am domiciled in the United States, my permanent residence being at Detroit in the State of Michigan, where I follow the occupation of Artist...
  19. ^ a b c d e "Myron Barlow". askART.com. Barlow studied with Joseph Gies at the Detroit Museum School and for a year at the Chicago Art Institute
  20. ^ "Joseph W. Gies (American, 1860–1935)". Lawrence Cantor Fine Art. Archived from the original on 2014-08-21. Joseph Gies was a significant connection to the Detroit painting scene...In 1890 the Detroit Museum School was formed. That year Joseph Gies became an important member of the painting faculty
  21. ^ "Person Record Gies, Joseph W." Detroit Historical Society. 1890 – painting faculty, Detroit Museum School 1895 – co-founder, Detroit Fine Arts Academy 1895–1911 – teacher, Detroit Fine Arts Academy
  22. ^ a b "Three Pictures by Local Artist Awarded Medals: Paintings of Myron Barlow Adjust Among Best at Exposition". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 4 August 1915. p. 9. Paintings brought from France on the American toy ship Jason last March won for Myron Barlow, Detroit artist, one of the nine gold medals for the best pictures in the American art section of the Panama-Pacific exhibition... These three pictures received the gold medal of the first class at the annual exhibition of the Paris salon of the Salon de la Societe Nationale, bringing him membership in that society.
  23. ^ "Detroit". The American Israelite. Cincinnati, Ohio. 19 October 1893. p. P2. Mr. Myron Barlow has sailed for Paris, for a five years course of study of art.
  24. ^ a b c d e E. A. Taylor. "The American Colony of Artists in Paris — III". Studio International. 55 (227): 280–290.
  25. ^ "Parisian Gives Art Impressions". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 25 May 1910. p. 6. No less a critic than Pierre Goujon lately characterized Mr. Barlow as a master at painting "the resignation of feminine labor, while jealously preserving the permanent depth of sensibility, resident in a monotonous and mute existence.
  26. ^ "Baron Rothschild's Purchase of "Mauve and Rose" Brings Fame to Mvron Barlow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 26 July 1914. p. 5. An extract of an article by Pierre Goujon in the Gazette des Beaux-Arts reads: 'Mr. Barlow excels in representing the life of the working woman. His canvases are impregnated with a grand melancholy. I see herein the intention to paint the resignation of the female toiler.'
  27. ^ "Myron Barlow (1873 - 1937): a painter and his model ****". jemelivre.blogspot.com. [note, this quote summarizes content from the book Myron Barlow (1873-1937):] Myron Barlow (1873 - 1937): a painter and his model relates the important events in the life of this painter (in particular, the pivotal era of the First World War), marks the influence of his female models (with this fidelity constant and remarkable towards the incomparable Julie Sailly, the other pearl Louise Descharles and her sister Marie) on his future works.
  28. ^ a b c d "Louise belle femme". webmuseo.com/. Museum: Etaples-sur-mer, Quentovic Museum Inventory number: T99.9... BARLOW Myron (painter) Title: Louise beautiful woman Techniques and materials: Canvas (Oil paint)... Dimensions without frame: 75 x 75... Description: Painting evoking a young woman from Etaples, Louise Perrault, muse of the painter ...Acquisition date: 09/25/1998... property of the commune Etaples-sur-mer ... Former membership(s): Public collection, City of Etaples-sur-Mer
  29. ^ Winn, Laura M. (2018). The Art of Becoming: Mimicry, Ambivalence, and Orientalism in the Work of Henry Ossawa Tanner and Hilda Rix (Thesis). University of Florida. p. 125. Locals of the village, including Myron Barlow's frequent model, Louise Grandidier, joyfully recalled the summers when Henry would bike into Étaples from Trépied on a tricycle towing Jessie in a little wagon.
  30. ^ a b c d Winn, Laura M. (2018). The Art of Becoming: Mimicry, Ambivalence, and Orientalism in the Work of Henry Ossawa Tanner and Hilda Rix (Thesis). University of Florida. p. 212. See Barlow's portraits of Louise Descharles from the 1930s Femme à la pelote (woman winding yarn) and La Blanchisseuse (Laundress)
  31. ^ "Myron Barlow's Clever Paintings". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 19 January 1902. p. 28.
  32. ^ Detroit Museum of Art (October 1918). "Accessions". Bulletin of the Detroit Museum of Art. 13 (2). Detroit, Michigan: Detroit Museum of Art: 1–2.
  33. ^ "Changes Forseen in Art Regimes". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 12 April 1914. p. 19. [note: column 3]
  34. ^ a b c "Myron Barlow's Memories of Picardy". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 11 Aug 1918. p. 54. One of the choicest canvases in the Barlow collection is called "Reveries." It shows a Picardy girl—Julie Sailly herself—standing in pensive mood beneath the trees through which the sunlight is streaming....
  35. ^ "Art Collection Taken Away on Navy Collier". The North Adams Transcript. North Adams, Massachusetts. 23 January 1915. p. 7. When the U.S.S. Jason leaves Marseilles about the middle of January, it will carry as part of its cargo many works by American artists for exhibition at San Francisco. As an added incentive the Panama-Pacific exposition has reserved a special section for the works of non-resident artists. Juries composed of recognized masters in Paris and London have weeded out much of the undesirable or freakish, until a decidedly representative' collection has been obtained.... The Jury, composed of Walter McEwen as chairman, Walter Griffen, W. T. Dannat, H. O. Tanner, Myron Barlow and Harry Vanderweyden have all decided to send some representative work.
  36. ^ "untitled". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 11 April 1915. p. 45.
  37. ^ a b "Bethel Community Transformation Center - Photos". [note: See photos of interior of dome. The four painted portraits, forming four corners beneath the dome still exist today. One of the four has the signature Myron Barlow visible across the bottom]
  38. ^ "Awards at St. Louis Fair". The New York Times. New York, New York. 26 October 1904. p. 8. In painting gold medalists include... Myron Barlow...
  39. ^ "Vessel Made For War to Carry Treasures of Art: Collier Jason to Bear Many Exhibits From Europe for 'Frisco Fair". Knoxville Sentinel. Knoxville, Tennessee. 11 January 1915. p. 3.
  40. ^ "Myron Barlow (1873 - 1937) : un peintre et son modèle ****".
  41. ^ "Society". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 16 May 1920. p. Part 3 page 7.
  42. ^ a b "Barlow Sees New Standards of Modernism". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 20 April 1930. p. 58.
  43. ^ "Murals by Detroit Artist to be Dedicated Today at Temple Beth El". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 22 March 1925. p. 126. Myron Harlow, the distinguished painter who conceived and executed the murals reproduced on this page, recently came from France to bring the completed panels, which are placed just beneath the dome of the edifice. The subjects symbolize four periods in Jewish history. Mr. Harlow has lived abroad for some thirty years and returns to his home city about every two years. His studio is at Etaples on the English Channel.
  44. ^ "Myron Barlow". The Buffalo News. Buffalo, New York. 18 August 1937. p. 27. Myron Barow ETAPLES, France Aug 17 (AP) Myron Barlow 64-year-old artist of Detroit Mich., died Monday at this fishing town on his annual visit to France. The body will be taken to Paris for cremation and the ashes returned to Detroit.
  45. ^ "Vue 87 Departement du PAS-de-CALAIS TABLE DECENNALE de DECES de la commune d'ETAPLES du ler janvier 1933 au 31 Decembre 1942 dressee en execution du Decret N0 51-284". Archive of the Pas-de-Calais, archivesenligne.pasdecalais.fr. [note: public death record] Nom et prénoma Barlon, Myron Date des Actea 14.8.1937
  46. ^ a b c "Breslau, Poland". Jewish Virtual Library.
  47. ^ "Various Sources". The Age. Melbourne, Victoria, Victoria, Australia. 2 October 1937. p. 11. Myron Barlow, the American artist who has died at Etaples, was a sensitive and highly conscientious man of between 60 and 70, writes the London, diarist of the "Evening Standard." When I first saw him, a good many years ago, in Paris, he was suffering from an original form of cramp, for, in deep admiration of the work of Tiepolo, the painter of ceilings, he had just been spending day slung from one, fly-fashion. Whether any of Barlow's painted ceilings now exist is doubtful, but many of his picture can be seen in Paris, in the Academy ot Philadelphia, and at his native Detroit.
  48. ^ a b c "Four Great Mural Paintings Dedicated at Temple Beth El, Detroit". The Advocate: America's Jewish Journal. 69. 28 March 1925. On Sunday, March 22nd, there were dedicated at Temple Beth El, Detroit, four great mural paintings, the work of the eminent French artist -- Mr. Myron Barlow -- and representing four periods of Jewish history. The murals which are just below the main dome of the great Temple auditorium, are each eight feet, three inches in diameter, being circular in form.
  49. ^ "Artist Biography & Facts Myron Barlow". askART.com. p. 263. In 1925, he completed six large murals in the auditorium of Temple Beth El at Woodward and Gladstone in Detroit
  50. ^ "Artists and Art". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 11 March 1923.
  51. ^ "Tradition Goes". The Indiana Times. Indiana, Pennsylvania. 27 June 1923. p. 8. A tradition of Jewish worship has been broken in Temple Beth El for the first time in Detroit and for one of the few first times in the world by the decoration of the temple with murals by Myron Barlow, the artist. Until very recently in the history of the Jewish church painting and sculpture have been forbidden, owing to the strict construction placed until now on the commandment referring to graven images.—Detroit News
  52. ^ "Funeral services were hens Monday for Mrs. Frances Barlow". Detroit Evening Times. Detroit, Michigan. 24 October 1910. p. 3.
  53. ^ "Barlow to Direct Work". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 22 Jun 1924. p. 3. The world-famous artist, Myron Barlow, will arrive in Detroit this fall from Europe, personally to direct the decoration of the theater's interior in the Italian style.
  54. ^ a b c d Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. p. 68. ISBN 9782918698333.
  55. ^ a b Catalogue illustré du salon de 1904 Société nationale des beaux-arts. Paris: Ludovic Baschet. 1904. p. Peinture VI.
  56. ^ "Artist Gives Art Impressions". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 25 May 1910.
  57. ^ "Museum of Art is Open". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 26 September 1907. p. 3. an interesting exhibit of "fifty or sixty paintings by the younger group" of artists, including Tanner and Myron Barlow
  58. ^ "Myron Barlow is Home With New Painings". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 4 April 1909. p. 7.
  59. ^ "Americans Have Their Paintings in Salon in Paris". Alameda Daily Argus. Alameda, California. 14 April 1909. p. 5.
  60. ^ a b "Baron Rothschild's Purchase of "Mauve and Rose" Brings Fame to Mvron Barlow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 26 July 1914. p. 5.
  61. ^ Khalid, Farisa. "Henry Ossawa Tanner, Angels Appearing before the Shepherds".
  62. ^ "'Reading,' by Myron Barlow". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 5 April 1936. p. 48.
  63. ^ a b c d "The International Studio". Boston Evening Transcript. Boston, Massachusetts. 29 May 1912. p. 19. In the June (1912) International Studio... The reproductions of Myron Barlows pictures are especially interesting
  64. ^ a b c d "The Art Institute of Chicago Catalogue of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Exhibition of American Oil Paintings and Sculpture. November 14 to December 27, 1911.". Catalogue of the Annual Exhibition of American Oil Paintings and Sculpture, Volumes 18-24. Chicago Art Institute. 1911. Myron Barlow
    13 Disdain
    14 Shepherdess
  65. ^ a b "Paintings in Paris' Two Spring Salons of 1910: Of the Paintings Reproduced Below All Are in the "Old Salon" with the Exception of "The Embarrasssing Question" Which is in the Beaux Arts". New York Times. New York, New York. 3 April 1910. p. 66.
  66. ^ a b c "Twenty-Third Annual Exhibition of Oil Paintings and Sculpture by American Artists: October 18 to November 27, 1910". Catalogue of the Annual Exhibition of American Oil Paintings and Sculpture, Volumes 18-24. Chicago Art Institute. 1910. Myron Barlow
    6 Fatigue
    7 A chat
    8 Embarrassing question
  67. ^ a b c d e f Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. pp. 49, 77. ISBN 9782918698333.
  68. ^ "Hotel Function for Benefit of the Tuberculosis Society". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 26 May 1910. p. 2.
  69. ^ "Myron Barlow Man with Young Child, 1903". Mutual Art.
  70. ^ "Enchère passée". artnet.fr.
  71. ^ a b "Landscape of Rare Beauty". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 29 October 1905. No. 3. "Early Morning in Brittany" is a landscape of rare poetic feeling, with a strong tint of Corot in the delicate brushwork of trees, sward and rolling fields, all in quaintest greens. Very different, yet equally clever, is the "Cinderella." Still there is more to the "story" in this canvas, all the pathos, the longing, the unsatisfied cry of the soul in this rich, yet brilliant painting.
    Mr. Barlow's two portraits have been already described. Sufficient, therefore, to say that Mr. Barlow has in both cases, succeeded in getting "inside the skin," as actors say, of his subjects, and made each portrait a living personality.
  72. ^ Clara T. MacChesney. "American Artists in Paris". International Studio. 54: 28–29.
  73. ^ "A Chat (Causerie)". savvycollector.com. Label attached to stretcher bar references A Chat as having been included in the International Exposition of Art and History at Rome, Italy in 1911. An online version of the catalogue cites A Chat by Myron Barlow as oil painting #6
  74. ^ "American Painters in Paris Angry at Chicago Judges; Director French the Object of Remarkable Attack". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. 27 November 1910. p. IX 4. Myron Barlow is delicious in his ethereal color sensations, but his themes are monotonous to a degree. It is absurd even in the wildest flights of idealism to give a French fisherwoman, bending over a tub filled with fish, semi-Botticellian features and the superlatively slender, dainty fingers of a patrician duchess.
  75. ^ Catalogue of the 105th Annual Exhibition, January 23 to March 20, 1910. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. 1910. Myron Barlow
    Rose Colored Fish...
    Myron Barlow
    The Ironer
  76. ^ The Thirty-Third Annual Exhibition of Paintings at the John Herron Art Institute Jan. 5th to Feb. 3rd, 1918. The Art Association of Indianapolis. pp. 1 and 3.
  77. ^ Detroit Museum of Art: Report for the Fiscal Year July 1st, 1917, to June 30th, 1918. Detroit: Detroit Art Museum. 1918. p. 13. Through the fund...a significant painting entitled "A Cup of Tea" by Myron Barlow was purchased. This fulfils our desire of long standing to have this distinguished Detroit painter represented in one permanent collection.
  78. ^ a b c Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. pp. 34, 77. ISBN 9782918698333.
  79. ^ "Hospitality Myron BarlowItem # 3535793". Nice Art Gallery.
  80. ^ E. A. Taylor (February 1912). "The American Colony of Artists in Paris — III". The Studio. 55 (227): 284.
  81. ^ ""Reverie" Wins Attention". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 21 November 1918. p. 10. 'Reverie' Wins Attention. Upon entering the large gallery, attention is attracted where Myron Barlow's canvas, 'Reverie,' is hung. This is a remarkable combination of showing reflected light from young foliage and grass toning into the tints of the face and dress of a girl. It was painted at the beginning of the war in northern France, at the time of the approach of the German armies
  82. ^ "Myron Barlow's Memories of Picardy: Detroit Artist Spent Happy Pre-War Days at His Etaples Home, Where He Painted the Peasants--Romance and Tragedy of Julie, One of His Models". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 11 August 1918. p. 54. It is a simple study—as are all the Barlow Canvases—two maidens in the quaint garb of Picardy, one atop a table, pillowing in her lap the head of her companion, who sits in a chair reading a letter just received. It needs only a glance at the picture of the poilu framed on the wall to guess the writer of the missive that is holding the undivided attention of the reader. The picture is termed "The Poilu's Letter," and its inspiration was the world war as it left its impress on Mr. Barlow.
  83. ^ a b c d Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. p. 76. ISBN 9782918698333.
  84. ^ a b c d Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. p. 65. ISBN 9782918698333.
  85. ^ "Two Women". City of Manitowoc.
  86. ^ "Myron G. Barlow Lot 79: Myron Barlow (American, 1873-1937) Sharing a Drink". Invaluable.com.
  87. ^ Myron Barlow (1873-1937): Un peintre & son modèle. Ennetières-en-Weppes: Éditions Invenit. 2012. pp. 56, 77. ISBN 9782918698333.
  88. ^ The Memorial Art Gallery, Rochester, New York Catalogue of a Group Exhibition of Oil Paintings by Myron Barlow, Randall Davey, Charles Rosen, John Wenger, Hayley Lever, John Folinsbee. February 1919.
  89. ^ "Society of Oil Painters". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. Manchester, Greater Manchester, England. 2 January 1901. p. 4.
  90. ^ "The Fine Arts: American Pictures in the Old Paris Salon". Boston Evening Transcript. Boston, Massachusetts. 29 April 1901. p. 10.
  91. ^ a b Catalogue illustré du salon de 1907 Société nationale des beaux-arts. Paris: Ludovic Baschet. 1907. p. Peinture VI, 49.
  92. ^ "National Society Salon". New-York Tribune. New York, New York. 14 April 1907. p. 3. The seventeenth annual salon of the National Society of Fine Arts... Among the most creditable American pictures may be mentioned... three women sipping coffee by Myron Barlow...
  93. ^ "Detroit Artist Honored". The Times Herald. Port Huron, Michigan. 3 July 1907. p. 4.
  94. ^ "Great View of Normandy". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 29 October 1905. Myron Barlow's four pictures show him in four different moods...
  95. ^ Catalogue illustré du salon de 1906 Société nationale des beaux-arts. Paris: Ludovic Baschet. 1906. p. VI.
  96. ^ a b Catalogue illustré du salon de 1908 Société nationale des beaux-arts. Paris: Ludovic Baschet. 1908. p. Peinture VI, 86.
  97. ^ "Americans Take Art Honors in Paris Salon". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, Arizona. 18 April 1909. p. 1.
  98. ^ "Hail Simon as Master". The Times-Democrat. New Orleans, Louisiana. 14 April 1910. p. 2.
  99. ^ "Letter From Our Paris Office". San Francisco Bulletin. San Francisco, California. 29 April 1912. p. 5.
  100. ^ "Feminism and Fashion in Paris". The Observer. London, Greater London, England. 14 April 1912. p. 13. Mr. Myron Barlow understands the value of a simple background, and has made some charming effects of light with a girl dressing her hair; and with another leaning over a table covered with a paisley shawl reading a yellow-coloured book, a bowl of apples helping to give warmth to the composition.
  101. ^ "Americans in the Spring Salons". Boston Evening Transcript. Boston, Massachusetts. 3 May 1913. p. 37, or Section 3 page 5. Gay, Frleseke, Barlow, and Elizabeth Nourse have contributed the six pieces to which, as sociétaires, they are entitled...
  102. ^ E. A. Taylor. "Pictures by American Pictures in the French Salon". International Studio. 50 (196): 43, 46. no one looking for the work of F. C. Frieseke will miss his six excellent contributions... In the same room one finds six canvases by Myron Barlow, in all of which he portrays his delight in the inner and less known lives of the French peasant and working woman. Last year Mr. Barlow was elected a Societaire, and his work fully justifies his election.
  103. ^ "The Development of American Painting". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 10 July 1921. p. 65.
  104. ^ "The Development of American Painting". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. 10 July 1921. p. 65.
  105. ^ "Two Local Art School Are Giving Exhibitions". Dayton Daily News. Dayton, Ohio. 14 May 1922. p. 29.
  106. ^ "Exhibits Made By Artists at the Art Institute". The Inter Ocean. Chicago, Illinois. 1 December 1901. p. 50.
  107. ^ Special Exhibition of Paintings by Myron G. Barlow, Frederic Carl Frieseke, Henry Salem Hubbell, Alfred H. Maurer, Henry Ossawa Tanner and Sculpture by Paul W. Bartlett (PDF). Detroit, Michigan: Detroit Museum of Art. October 1907.
  108. ^ "LA=a Colonie D'Étaples". [note: 17th picture in rotating pictures display]
  109. ^ Bouttemy, Lumière d’Opale : Les peintres étrangers de la colonie d’Étaples (1880-1920), Le Touquet-Paris-Plage, Aprim & Henry 62170 Montreuil, 2021, 75 p. (ISBN 978-2-9580069-0-7), p. 36
  110. ^ "Ceiling details Photo by Helmut Ziewers (www.ziewersphotography.com) of HistoricDetroit.org".
  111. ^ "Ceiling details Photo by Helmut Ziewers (www.ziewersphotography.com) of HistoricDetroit.org".
  112. ^ "Ceiling details Albert Kahn designed this synagogue to be a home for the Temple Beth El congregation. Photo by Helmut Ziewers (www.ziewersphotography.com) of HistoricDetroit.org".
  113. ^ "But the congregation later moved to Bloomfield Hills. Photo by Helmut Ziewers (www.ziewersphotography.com) of HistoricDetroit.org".
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