Philipsburg, Sint Maarten
Philipsburg | |
|---|---|
 View of Great Bay towards Philipsburg | |
| Nickname: Town | |
  Philipsburg Location in Sint Maarten | |
| Coordinates: 18°01′25″N 63°02′45″W / 18.0237°N 63.0458°W | |
| State |  Kingdom of the Netherlands |
| Country |  Sint Maarten |
| Island | Saint Martin |
| Columbus landed | 11 November 1493 |
| Established | 1763 (by John Philips) |
| Population (2017) | |
| • Total | 1,894 |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (AST) |
| Climate | Aw |
Philipsburg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈfilɪpsˌbʏr(ə)x]) is the main town and capital of Sint Maarten, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The town is on a narrow stretch of land between Great Bay and the Great Salt Pond. It functions as the commercial center of Saint Martin island, whereof Sint Maarten encompasses the southern half. As of 2017[update], it had 1,894 inhabitants.[1]
History
[edit]Philipsburg was founded in 1763 by John Philips, a Scottish captain in the Dutch navy; the settlement soon became a centre of international trade. Two historic forts bear witness to Philipsburg's strategic importance in St. Maarten's history: Fort Amsterdam and Fort Willem.[2]
Tourism
[edit]
The main shopping district, Front Street, is in the heart of the city. The city also has a port that is visited by many cruise liners.
Transport
[edit]Princess Juliana International Airport
[edit]
World-famous for its close photographs of landing aircraft, Princess Juliana International Airport (IATA: SXM, ICAO: TNCM), west of Philipsburg, has become a tourist destination in its own right. Jet blast from departing aircraft is another 'attraction' as it creates artificial waves. However, jet blast is physically hazardous so viewers need to exercise caution; local authorities have placed a warning on the airport's fence to alert people to the dangers of jet blast.
Education
[edit]Schools include:[3]
- Oranje School (public primary)
- Sr. Borgia Primary (subsidized primary)
- St. Joseph Primary (subsidized primary)
- Sundial School (subsidized secondary)
Philipsburg Jubilee Library is in Philipsburg.[4]
Climate
[edit]Philipsburg has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw),[5] and is drier than most parts of the northeastern Caribbean due to a rain shadow from the island's mountains, drying the northeast trade winds. The driest months are from January to July, and the wettest from September to November, when hurricanes are a frequent occurrence in the region.
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.0 (93.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.2 (93.6) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
33.9 (93.0) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.2 (95.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.6 (83.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.3 (86.5) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.3 (86.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.7 (78.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
26.6 (79.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
24.2 (75.6) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.0 (77.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.3 (66.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.8 (71.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.9 (2.67) |
49.4 (1.94) |
46.9 (1.85) |
60.1 (2.37) |
98.0 (3.86) |
55.0 (2.17) |
96.6 (3.80) |
106.2 (4.18) |
116.1 (4.57) |
157.0 (6.18) |
162.0 (6.38) |
101.0 (3.98) |
1,116.2 (43.94) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 13 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 141 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 74.7 | 74.1 | 73.6 | 75.0 | 75.9 | 75.1 | 74.8 | 75.4 | 76.3 | 76.8 | 77.4 | 76.6 | 75.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 258.1 | 245.2 | 274.8 | 269.9 | 253.7 | 245.8 | 259.1 | 267.5 | 245.1 | 249.2 | 238.4 | 247.1 | 3,053.9 |
| Source 1: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Meteorological Department Curaçao (humidity 1971–2000)[7] | |||||||||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Statistical Yearbook 2017" (PDF). Department of Statistics Sint Maarten. 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2020-01-08.
- ^ "Accenting St. Maarten, Dutch Caribbean". geographia.com.
- ^ "School Directory". Sint Maarten Government. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
- ^ "Contact Us". Philipsburg Jubilee Library. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
- ^ "Philipsburg, Sint Maarten Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
- ^ "Princess Juliana International Airport Climate Normals for 1991-2020" (CSV). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
- ^ "Summary of Climatological Data, Period 1971–2000" (PDF). Meteorological Department Curaçao. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
External links
[edit]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
