Marshal of the Realm (Denmark)
| Marshal of the Realm | |
|---|---|
| Rigsmarsk | |
| Type | Royal military advisor |
| Reports to | the King |
| Appointer | the King |
| Term length | At His Majesty's pleasure |
| Final holder | Johan Christoffer von Kørbitz |
| Abolished | 1677 |
The Marshal of the Realm (Danish: Marsk, from 1536 Rigsmarsk), was the chief advisor to the King on military matters concerning the infantry and cavalry. It was the third highest office in the country after the Steward of the Realm and the Chancellor.[1] The Rigsmarsk was appointed by the king from among Danish-born nobles.
In the beginning the Marsk was one of the king's men and Stig Andersen Hvide used the title Regis Danorum Marscalcus (transl. Marshal of the Danish King) shortly before his conviction in 1287 for the murder of King Eric V. Over the course of the 15th century, the Marsk came to represent the Realm (Privy Council), rather than the King, and in 1536 the title was finally changed to Rigsmarsk or Marscalcus Regni.[2]
After the Scanian War and with the introduction of absolute monarchy the office disappeared. Anders Bille died a Swedish prisoner of war and Axel Urup then served as a Rigsmarsk from 1658 to 1660 but was never formally appointed. After that the title continued to exist for a while as a sort of honorary title but was then abandoned. The function was taken over by generals who had been promoted through the ranks rather than being chosen among nobles.[3]
List of officeholders
[edit]List of Marsks and Rigsmarsks.[3]
| No. | Portrait | Name (born–died) |
Term of office | Ref. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Marsk | ||||||
|
Claus Rønnow (?–1486) |
12 December 1449 | 1481 | 31–32 years | ||
| Rigsmarsk | ||||||
.jpg)
|
Eskil Gøye (?–1506) |
1489 | 1502 | 12–13 years | ||
|
|
Tyge Krabbe (1474–1541) |
1502 | 1520 | 17–18 years | ||
|
Otto Krumpen (1473–1569) |
1520 | 1523 | 2–3 years | ||
|
|
Tyge Krabbe (1474–1541) |
1523 | 1541 | 17–18 years | ||
|
|
Erik Eriksen Banner (1484–1554) |
1541 | 1554 | 12–13 years | ||
|
|
Otto Krumpen (1473–1569) |
1554 | 1567 | 12–13 years | ||
|
|
Frands Brockenhuus (1518–1569) |
1567 | 14 November 1569 † | 1–2 years | ||
|
|
Josias von Qualen (?–1586) |
1569 | 1573 | 3–4 years | ||
|
|
Holger Ottesen Rosenkrantz (1517–1575) |
1573 | 1575 † | 1–2 years | ||
|
|
Peder Gyldenstjerne (1533–1594) |
1575 | 1593 | 19–20 years | ||
|
|
Hak Holgersen Ulfstand (1535–1594) |
1593 | 1594 | 0–1 years | ||
|
|
Peder Munk (1534–1623) |
1596 | 1608 | 11–12 years | ||
|
|
Steen Maltesen Sehested (1553–1611) |
1610 | 22 August 1611 † | 0–1 years | ||
|
Jørgen Lunge (1577–1619) |
1616 | 19 August 1619 † | 2–3 years | ||
|
|
Jørgen Skeel (1578–1631) |
1627 | 19 July 1631 † | 3–4 years | ||
.jpg)
|
Jørgen Knudsen Urne (1598–1642) |
1632 | 19 February 1642 † | 9–10 years | ||
|
Anders Bille (1600–1657) |
1642 | 10 November 1657 † | 14–15 years | ||
|
Axel Urup (1601–1671) |
1658 | 1660 | 1–2 years | ||
|
|
Johan Christoffer von Kørbitz (1612–1682) |
22 November 1660 | 1677 | 16–17 years | ||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Madsen, Emil (1904). "De nationale Tropper, samt Hærvæsenets Styrelse i det 16. Aarhundrede" (PDF). Historisk Tidsskrift (in Danish). 5 (7): 199–200. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ "Marsk" (in Danish). Kroneborg.dk. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ a b "Danske marske" (in Danish). roskildehistorie.dk. Retrieved 2011-07-04.
External links
[edit]- Biograpgies of Marshals of the Realm