Amadeus William Grabau
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Amadeus William Grabau | |
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| Born | January 9, 1870 Cedarburg, Wisconsin, United States |
| Died | March 20, 1946 (aged 76) |
| Resting place | compound of the geological department of the National University of Peking |
| Monuments | Dorsum Grabau, a wrinkle ridge on the Moon named for him |
| Nationality | American |
| Other names | the father of Chinese geology |
| Education | |
| Occupation | Paleontologist |
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| Known for |
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| Spouse | Mary Antin (m. Oct. 5, 1901) |
| Children | one daughter |
| Relatives |
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| Awards | Mary Clark Thompson Medal (1936) Hayden Memorial Geological Award (1941) |
| Notes | |
Amadeus William Grabau (January 9, 1870 – March 20, 1946) was an American geologist, teacher, stratigrapher, paleontologist, and author who worked in the United States and China.[4]
Biography
[edit]Grabau's grandfather, J.A.A. Grabau, led a group of dissident Lutheran immigrants from Germany to Buffalo, New York. His education began in his father's parochial school in his birthplace of Cedarburg, Wisconsin, and then the public high school there. After his father became head of the Martin Luther Seminary in 1885, he finished high school in Buffalo. He took classes in the evenings while apprenticed to a bookbinder. His interest in local fossils grew. In a correspondence course in mineralogy, he impressed geologist William Otis Crosby enough to hire him at the Boston Society of Natural History in 1890, and arrange his education at Boston Latin, MIT, and Harvard.
He taught at MIT and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute early in his career. In 1901 he became a professor at Columbia University in New York. He married Barnard student Mary Antin on October 5, 1901. She would go on to become a prominent author. The pro-German attitudes during World War I led to an estrangement from his wife, and in 1919 he left Columbia for China. He traveled to China to become a professor at Peking University and a member of the Chinese Geological Survey in October 1920.[5] As part of his life's work, he conducted a geologic survey of China, and is now known as the father of Chinese geology.
In 1936, the National Academy of Sciences awarded him the Mary Clark Thompson Medal from for most important service to geology and paleontology.[3] During World War II he remained in Peking. Around 1941 he was interned by the Japanese Imperial Army. His health declined precipitously, and he died of an internal hemorrhage after his release.
Books
[edit]Grabau was also a prolific author, publishing at least 10 books in the first half of the 20th century. Grabau developed various theories during his lifetime, among them the theory of rhythms concerning the growth of the Earth's crust and a theory concerning mountain building and creation. The Dorsum Grabau, a wrinkle ridge on the Moon was named after him in 1976.[6] A list of books written by Grabau, and their publication dates includes:[7]
- North American Index Fossils (1909, 1910)
- Grabau A. W. & Shimer H. W. 1909. Invertebrates. Volume I.. A. G. Seiler & Company, New York. (alternate scan)
- Grabau A. W. & Shimer H. W. 1910. Invertebrates. Volume II.. New York.
- Principles of Stratigraphy (1913)
- Textbook of Geology (1920–21) Two volumes: Part I; Part II.
- Silurian Fossils of Yunnan (1920)
- Ordovician Fossils of North China (1922)
- Paleozoic Corals of China (1921)
- Stratigraphy of China (1924–25)
- Migration of Geosynclines (1924)
- Early Permian Fossils of China (1934)
- Rhythm of the Ages (1940)
References
[edit]- ^ "Amadeus William Grabau". Merriam Webster's Biographical Dictionary (fee via Fairfax County Public Library). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. 1995. Gale Document Number: GALE|K1681154602. Retrieved 2014-01-17. Biography in Context. (subscription required)
- ^ "Amadeus William Grabau". Dictionary of American Biography (fee via Fairfax County Public Library). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1974. Gale Document Number: GALE|BT2310012533. Retrieved 2014-01-17. Biography in Context. (subscription required)
- ^ a b "Mary Clark Thompson Medal". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2014-01-17.
- ^ Shrock, Robert, Rakes (1982). Geology At M.I.T. 1865-1965 A History of the First Hundred Years of Geology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology II. Departmental Operations and Products. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. pp. H24–H25. ISBN 978-0-262-19161-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Dr. A. W. Grabau Called To University of Peking". New-York Tribune. New York, New York. 23 September 1920. p. 13.
- ^ Batson, Raymond; Russell, Joel, eds. (1995). "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature 1994" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 2129. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 88.
- ^ "Encyclopædia Britannica". Retrieved 13 June 2018.
Further reading
[edit]- Mazur, Allan (2004). A Romance in Natural History: The Lives and Works of Amadeus Grabau and Mary Antin. Syracuse, New York: Garret. LCCN 2004096697.
- H. D. Thomas, Nature 158 (1946): 89–91
- H. W. Shimer, Am. Jour. of Science 244 (1946): 735–736 (with bibliography)
- H. W. Shimer, Geological Soc. of America, Proc., 1947, pp. 155–166
- V. K. Ting, in Geological Society of China, Bull. 10 (1931): ix–xviii (also cited as Grabau Anniversary, the commemorative vol. presented to Grabau on his fiftieth birthday)
- Y. C. Sun, in Geological Society of China, Bull. 27 (1947): 1026, includes a bibliography of 291 titles.
External links
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| International | |
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| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
- 1870 births
- 1946 deaths
- American paleontologists
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty
- Columbia University faculty
- People from Cedarburg, Wisconsin
- Scientists from Buffalo, New York
- American expatriate academics
- American expatriates in China
- Boston Latin School alumni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
- Harvard University alumni
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
- American prisoners of war in World War II
- World War II civilian prisoners held by Japan
- American people of German descent
- Deaths from bleeding