List of shipwrecks in 2008
The list of shipwrecks in 2008 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 2008.
| ||||
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Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | |
May | Jun | Jul | Aug | |
Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
Unknown date | ||||
References |
January
[edit]3 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Vanessa | Bulgaria | Carrying a cargo of scrap metal, the cargo ship sank in the Sea of Azov. Nine of her ten crew members were lost.[citation needed] |
8 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Response | United States | The retired 46-foot (14.0 m) buoy tender was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean 3.6 nautical miles (6.7 km; 4.1 mi) off Sea Girt, New Jersey, at 40°07.931′N 073°56.373′W / 40.132183°N 73.939550°W.[1] |
14 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ice Prince | Greece | The cargo ship sank in the English Channel near Devon,[2] while carrying a cargo of more than 5,000 tonnes of timber to Alexandria, Egypt. All the crew members were rescued.[3] The timber came ashore on dozens of beaches along the southern coast of the United Kingdom in counties such as West Sussex, Dover, and Kent.[4] |
15 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Unidentified cargo ship | Unknown | An unidentified cargo ship bound from Hong Kong for Panama with a cargo of gravel sank approximately 20 nautical miles (37 km) off the coast of Taiwan after being overwhelmed by a wave. Her entire crew of eight – all Chinese – died.[5] |
29 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Gevo Victory | Lebanon | The cargo ship, bound for Beirut, sank off the coast of Lebanon in heavy seas. The frigate Bayern ( German Navy), operating in the area as part of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, rescued all on board.[6][7][8] |
Miss Beth | United States | The retired 80-foot (24.4 m) fishing trawler was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean off Cape May, New Jersey, at 38°53.237′N 074°40.545′W / 38.887283°N 74.675750°W.[9] |
31 January
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Riverdance | Bahamas |
The ferry, en route from Warrenpoint, Northern Ireland, to Heysham, England, developed a severe list in the Irish Sea. Ship was beached at Blackpool, England, and all of the crew and passengers were airlifted to safety.[10][11] |
February
[edit]1 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Spinningdale | Spain | The trawler crashed into a group of rocks near St Kilda due to gale-force winds. All fourteen of the crew were airlifted to safety by the Stornoway Coastguard.[12] |
6 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
UND Adriyatik | Turkey |
The U.N Ro-Ro İşletmeleri A.Ş-owned freighter caught fire in the northern Adriatic Sea. The ship was carrying 200 trucks and nine tonnes of oil derivatives, and all crewmembers and passengers were saved.[13] |
9 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Velocity | United States | The fishing vessel capsized 200 yards (180 m) off Mill Bay Beach (57°49′30″N 152°20′30″W / 57.82500°N 152.34167°W) near Kodiak, Alaska, then washed ashore with her two-man crew trapped inside her. One of them died, but United States Coast Guard personnel and civilians cut through her hull and rescued the other man.[14] |
16 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Westward | United States | The 82-foot (25 m) fishing vessel ran aground and sank in Southeast Alaska near Point Ildefonso on the southwest coast of Prince of Wales Island west of Klawock, Alaska. Another fishing vessel rescued both crew members. Westward later was refloated and taken to Craig, Alaska.[15] |
22 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Transition | United States | The 35-foot (11 m) troller disappeared with the loss of both of crewmen during a voyage in Southeast Alaska from Juneau to Ketchikan. One of the vessel′s doors later was found washed up on Kupreanof Island in Frederick Sound in the Alexander Archipelago.[16] |
29 February
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Shourav | Bangladesh | According to ATN Bangla television and a Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority report, an overloaded Bangladeshi ferry MV Shourav carrying 100 passengers on board was rammed by a sand cargo, and then sank. This occurred on the Buriganga River, in the outskirts of Dhaka, killing 49.[17][18] |
March
[edit]6 March
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Maro | Antigua and Barbuda |
The cargo ship ran aground at Gipuzkoa, Spain. She broke up four days later. |
8 March
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Turmoil | United States | During a voyage in Alaska from King Cove to Belkofski Bay, the fishing vessel was destroyed by fire in Volcano Bay (55°13′N 162°00′W / 55.217°N 162.000°W)[16] on the southwest end of the Alaska Peninsula 28 miles (45 km) east of Cold Bay.[19] All three of her crewmen reached the beach, where another vessel rescued them.[16] |
23 March
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Alaska Ranger | United States | The 184-foot (56.1 m) catcher-processor flooded and sank with the loss of five lives in the Bering Sea approximately 120 nautical miles (220 km; 140 mi) west of Dutch Harbor, Alaska, after losing her rudder. There were 42 survivors; Alaska Ranger′s sister ship Alaska Warrior rescued 22 of them, and a United States Coast Guard helicopter and the high endurance cutter USCGC Douglas Munro ( United States Coast Guard) rescued the other 20.[20][21] |
Naftogaz-67 | Ukraine | According to Hong Kong's RTHK, a Ukrainian tugboat, Naftogaz-67, sank and is lying upside-down in 37 metres (121 ft) of water with 18 crewmembers missing after colliding with a Chinese cargo ship Yao-Hai off Tuen Mun.[22][23][24][25] |
25 March
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Miss Sonya | United States | While returning to Gloucester, Massachusetts, from a fishing trip to Stellwagen Bank, the 43-foot (13 m) fishing dragger took on water, capsized, and sank in 160 feet (49 m) of water off Gloucester, 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) south of Eastern Point at 42°32.767′N 070°40.062′W / 42.546117°N 70.667700°W. Her two-man crew was rescued.[26] |
Unknown patrol boat | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War: Battle of Kallarawa: The Dvora-class patrol boat was sunk in an attack by six Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam explosive motorboats and ten assault boats.[27] |
28 March
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Coco Leoni | United Kingdom | The motor cruiser ran aground at Lytham St Annes, Lancashire, England, opposite the windmill. |
Unknown date
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
SLNS P-438 | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War: The patrol boat was sunk by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam with all hands on 22 or 24 March, at Kallarawa, Sri Lanka.[27] |
April
[edit]5 April
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Nikko Maru | Japan | According to the Japan Coast Guard and Japanese major television networks, including Nippon Television Network and Tokyo Broadcasting System reporta, the fishing boat sank in stormy conditions in Mutsu Bay, off Aomori, northern Honshu, Japan, killing eight.[28] |
7 April
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Lujiao Yu | China | According to Coast Guard of South Korea and South Korean television networks (KBS and SBS) report, a Chinese fishingboat Lujiao Yu sank by overturning after she collided with South Korean freighter Panbless off Mara Island, six Chinese are missing.[29] |
12 April
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Lurong Yu 2177 | China | According to a Coast Guard of Japan report, Chinese fishing boat Lurong Yu 2177 sank after colliding with Hong Kong freighter Shinyo Sawako between Kyūshū and Amami Island, in the East China Sea, Japan, killing 16.[30][31] |
30 April
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Assalama | Panama |
The passenger ferry sprang a leak in the Atlantic Ocean and was beached at Tarfaya, Morocco. All 113 passengers were rescued, as were her crew.[32] |
SLNS P-434 | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War:The Dvora-class patrol boat was sunk in an attack by Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam boats.[27] |
May
[edit]4 May
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Comandante Sales | Brazil | The Brazilian river boat carrying 80 people, capsized at Solimoes River, on the outskirts of Manacapuru, Amazonas, Brazil, killing 49 people.[33] |
10 May
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
SLNS A-520 | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War: The auxiliary ship was sunk by an underwater explosion, probably by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam using either limpet mines or a semi-submersible.[27] |
13 May
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Nazimuddin | Bangladesh | The Bangladeshi double decker ferry Nazimuddin carrying 150 passengers on board sank on the Ghorautura River, Ghoradigha, Kishoregani, 80 kilometres (43 nmi) from Dhaka, killing at least 41.[34] |
29 May
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
The Girl Patricia | United Kingdom | The Newlyn fishing vessel sunk 28 nautical miles (52 km) northwest of Land's End. All four crew winched to safety by an RNAS Culdrose helicopter.[35] |
Hillman III | United States | The retired 100-foot (30.5 m) barge was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) off Mantoloking, New Jersey, in 80 feet (24 m) of water at 40°02.970′N 073°59.370′W / 40.049500°N 73.989500°W.[36] |
June
[edit]2 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Cittie Point | United States | The retired 95-foot (29.0 m) tug was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Delaware at 38°40.540′N 074°43.957′W / 38.675667°N 74.732617°W.[37] |
Fells Point | United States | The retired 110-foot (33.5 m) tug was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Delaware at 38°40.540′N 074°43.957′W / 38.675667°N 74.732617°W.[38] |
William C. Snow | United States | The retired 55-foot (16.8 m) barge-towing tug was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Delaware at 38°40.540′N 074°43.957′W / 38.675667°N 74.732617°W.[39] |
5 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Andromeda | United States | The 11-gross ton, 34.6-foot (10.5 m) salmon gillnetter sank in Bechevin Bay (55°00′N 163°23′W / 55.000°N 163.383°W) at the southwest tip of the Alaska Peninsula near False Pass, Alaska, after a wave struck her. A United States Coast Guard helicopter rescued her crew of two from the beach.[21] |
10 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Cricket | United States | The fishing vessel sank in southern Sitka Sound in Southeast Alaska approximately 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi) from Sitka, Alaska. Her crew of two abandoned ship in survival suits and was rescued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research ship NOAAS Rainier ( United States).[40] |
21 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Princess of the Stars | Philippines |
The motor ferry capsized off Sibyan Island, Philippines, during Typhoon Fengshen. At least 671 people died. The Philippine Coast Guard rescued 76 survivors.[41] |
23 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Suwa Maru No.58 | Japan | The fishing boat capsized off Choshi, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, with 16 people reported dead.[citation needed] |
24 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Guyona | United Kingdom | Scallop dredger and stern trawler capsized leading to sinking. Sailed from Brixham to fishing grounds south of Little Sark in the Channel Islands. The crew was recovered by the Guernsey lifeboat.[42] |
29 June
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
USS Horne | United States Navy | The decommissioned Belknap-class guided-missile cruiser was sunk as a target in the Pacific Ocean during RIMPAC 08. |
July
[edit]4 July
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Myo Pa Pa Tun | Myanmar | According to New Light of Myanmar newspaper report, the Burmese passenger boat Myo Pa Pa Tun, carrying 82 passengers, capsized at Yway River, Myaungmya, Burma, at least 38 killed.[citation needed] |
11 July
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
USS David R. Ray | United States Navy | The decommissioned Spruance-class destroyer was sunk in the Pacific Ocean as a gunnery and Harpoon missile target by eight United States Navy and Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force ships and three aircraft during RIMPAC 08. |
14 July
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
USS Cushing | United States Navy | The decommissioned Spruance-class destroyer was sunk as a target in the Pacific Ocean during RIMPAC 08. |
16 July
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
USS Fletcher | United States Navy | The decommissioned Spruance-class destroyer was sunk as a target by a Mark 48 ADCAP torpedo fired by the submarine HMAS Waller ( Royal Australian Navy) in the Pacific Ocean at 23°01′02″N 159°59′09″W / 23.01722°N 159.98583°W during RIMPAC 08. |
30 July
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Gladiator | United States | The 42-gross ton, 49.9-foot (15.2 m) salmon seiner capsized and sank in 1,380 feet (420 m) of water in Clarence Strait near Kendrick Bay (54°51′15″N 131°58′00″W / 54.85417°N 131.96667°W) on the southeast end of Prince of Wales Island in the Alexander Archipelago in Southeast Alaska. Other vessels rescued her entire crew of five.[43] |
August
[edit]8 August
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Smoke II | United States | The retired 52-foot (15.8 m) Fire Department of New York fireboat was scuttled as an artificial reef in the North Atlantic Ocean 3.6 nautical miles (6.7 km; 4.1 mi) off Sea Girt, New Jersey, at 40°07.829′N 073°56.379′W / 40.130483°N 73.939650°W.[44] |
12 August
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
X-S | United States | The 32-foot (9.8 m) fishing vessel was stranded near Akun Island in the Fox Islands in the eastern Aleutian Islands. All three crew members survived; the fishing vessel Kema Sue ( United States) rescued one of them and a United States Coast Guard helicopter rescued the other two.[45] |
September
[edit]2 September
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Courier | unknown | Hurricane Gustav: The ship broke loose from her moorings during the hurricane and went aground in the Industrial Canal near Interstate 10, New Orleans.[46] |
11 September
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Asgard II | Ireland | The brigantine sank in the Bay of Biscay 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Belle-Île-en-Mer. |
15 September
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Hayat N | Turkey | The ferry sank near Bandirma in northwest Turkey, leaving at least one person dead and five others missing.[47] |
27 September
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
KM Usaha Baru | Indonesia | The Indonesian wooden boat, carrying 77 passengers and crew, capsized after an engine fire off Nakhoda, Maluku, Indonesia, killing nine people.[48] |
October
[edit]6 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
USS O'Bannon | United States Navy | The decommissioned Spruance-class destroyer was sunk as a target in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Virginia by the ships and aircraft of the USS Dwight D. Eisenhower carrier strike group ( United States Navy). |
10 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Fedra | Liberia |
The bulk carrier ran aground on Europa Point, Gibraltar and broke in two. |
22 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Katmai | United States | The 93-foot (28.3 m) cod-fishing vessel lost steering and sank in the Bering Sea approximately 100 nautical miles (190 km; 120 mi) west of Adak in the Aleutian Islands after her lazarette flooded during a severe storm. Only four of her 11 crew members were rescued.[49][50] |
23 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ledenik | Croatia | The fish factory ship foundered off Sestrunj, Croatia.[51] |
November
[edit]1 November
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
SLNS Z-142 | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War: The Arrow-class assault boat was sunk by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.[27] |
2 November
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Abigail H | United Kingdom | The grab hopper dredger foundered in Heysham Harbour after developing a leak.[52] |
18 November
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ekawat Nava 5 | Marshall Islands | The fishing trawler was sunk by the frigate INS Tabar ( India) after being identified as a pirate "mother ship". Allegedly, Ekawat Nava 5's crew fired upon Tabar when challenged to stop to be searched. |
December
[edit]4 December
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ushuaia | Comoros | The cruise ship hit a rock in Wilhelmina Bay in Antarctica. Her passengers and crew were evacuated by the Chilean Navy.[53][54] |
19 December
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Flying Phantom | United Kingdom | The tug capsized in the Clyde whilst assisting Red Jasmine ( Panama) with the loss of three of her four crew. She was declared a constructive total loss.[55] |
Unknown date
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Lady Davinia | Malta | The tour boat (formerly a minesweeper) sunk at its moorings at Sliema Creek.[56] |
SLNS A-520 | Sri Lanka Navy | Sri Lankan Civil War: The auxiliary ship was sunk by an underwater explosion. It was not clear whether the explosion was due to the detonation of a mine or an attack by a semisubmersible vessel.[27] |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "njscuba.net Response". Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
- ^ "Oiled birds may be linked to Ice Prince sinking". London: Telegraph. 2008-01-16. Archived from the original on 2009-01-23. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
- ^ "UK | England | Devon | Stricken ship at risk of sinking". BBC News. 2008-01-14. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
- ^ "UK | England | Shipwreck timber littering coast". BBC News. 2008-01-21. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
- ^ TGcom(Italian)
- ^ "Lebanon navy, UNIFIL rescue 14 sailors in Mediterranean | Ya Libnan | Lebanon News Live from Beirut". Archived from the original on 2008-04-05. Retrieved 2013-02-19.
- ^ "German Navy rescue". 29 January 2008. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ^ "Deutsche Marine: Die Fregatte BAYERN kehrt aus dem Einsatz zurück" (in German). presseportal.de. 12 March 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
- ^ "njscuba.net Miss Beth". Archived from the original on 2020-02-22. Retrieved 2020-02-09.
- ^ "Air rescue for ferry travellers". BBC News Online. 31 January 2008. Retrieved 1 February 2008.
- ^ "Riverdance ferry drama: Timeline". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 1 February 2008.
- ^ "Crew rescued from stricken boat". BBC News online. Retrieved 1 February 2008.
- ^ Firefighters spare Croat coast from toxic ship blaze Archived 2011-05-20 at the Wayback Machine AFP on Google news. Retrieved 26 February 2008.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (V)
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (W)
- ^ a b c alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (T)
- ^ Overloading, unskilled masters key reasons Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The New Nation – Internet Edition
- ^ Alaska Guide: Volcano Bay
- ^ Bernton, Hal; Perry, Nick (24 March 2008). "Ship sinks at sea; 4 dead, 1 lost". Seattle Times. Retrieved 1 January 2011.
- ^ a b alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (A)
- ^ 19 missing after ships collide off Tuen Mun - RTHK News, retrieved on 30 April 2008
- ^ Rescuers to lift sunken tugboat from seabed - RTHK News, retrieved on 30 April 2008
- ^ Fate of missing sailors remains unclear - RTHK News, retrieved on 30 April 2008
- ^ Little hope for missing sailors - RTHK News, retrieved on 30 April 2008
- ^ "Miss Sonya". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "Naval Battles of the Sri Lanka Civil War". Soviet-Empire. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ "One dead as fishing boat goes missing". The Japan Times Online. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
- ^ Yonhap News
- ^ Yamaguchi, Mari (April 13, 2008). "Thirteen missing after ship collision". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008.
- ^ Sailors, Mariners & Warriors League
- ^ Mujica, José S. (2 May 2008). "Tarfaya se hunde por Armas" (in Spanish). Canarias 7. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
- ^ "MPF/AM: Justiça convoca atingidos pelo naufrágio da embarcação Comandante Sales". mpf.jusbrasil.com. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
- ^ "Bangladesh ferry death toll rises". Independent Online. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ Anon (5 June 2008). "Capsize boat given all-clear in tests". The Cornishman.
- ^ njscuba.net Hillman III
- ^ njscuba.net Cittie Point
- ^ njscuba.net Fells Point
- ^ njscuba.net William C Snow
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (C)
- ^ "Number of MV Princess of the Stars survivors climbs to 76". gmanews.tv. 24 June 2008. Retrieved 10 November 2018.
- ^ "Snagging of dredges, capsize and sinking of stern trawler Guyona while rigged as scallop dredger". Marine Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (G)
- ^ "njscuba.net Smoke II". Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2020-02-12.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (X)
- ^ "22 barges on the loose in Louisiana parish due to Hurricane Ida". weartv.com. 15 September 2008. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ "Passenger ferry sinks in Turkey". BBC. 15 September 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
- ^ "Nakhoda, km usaha baru diperiksa". Kompas newspaper. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2008. (Indonesian)
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (K)
- ^ "Marine Accident Brief: Sinking of commercial fishing vessel Katmai". National Transportation Safety Board. September 13, 2011. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
- ^ "Ledenik (5205837)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
- ^ "Report on the investigation into the flooding and foundering of the grab hopper dredger Abigail H in the Port of Heysham 2 November 2008" (PDF). Marine Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
- ^ "Geelong woman tells of night Antarctic ship ran aground". The Geelong Advertiser. 18 December 2008. Retrieved 18 September 2009.
- ^ Antarctic Cruise Tourists Rescued Archived December 11, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Sky News, 5 December 2008
- ^ "Report on the investigation of the loss of the tug Flying Phantom while towing Red Jasmine on the River Clyde on 19 December 2007 resulting in 3 fatalities and 1 injury" (PDF). Marine Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ "HMS Greentham & Lady Davinia". divesubway.com. Subway Dive Centre. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2014.