List of shipwrecks in October 1888
Appearance
The list of shipwrecks in October 1888 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during October 1888.
October 1888 | ||||||
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Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat | Sun |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 |
22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
29 | 30 | 31 | Unknown date | |||
References |
1 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
St. Clair | United States | The barge foundered in a gale in the Lake Huron off Sand Beach Harbor, Michigan with the loss of her Captain and 5 crew.[1] |
2 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Silas Fish | United Kingdom | The barque foundered in the Atlantic Ocean off the Turks Islands with the loss of thirteen of the fifteen people on board. She was on a voyage from Vara to New York, United States.[2][3] |
3 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ohio | United States | The barque was driven ashore and wrecked in a gale and snowstorm at Point Hope (68°20′20″N 166°50′40″W / 68.33889°N 166.84444°W) on the Chukchi Sea coast of the District of Alaska, with the loss of 25 of her 33 crew members. The eight survivors were rescued eight months later.[4] |
4 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Catherine | United Kingdom | The brig was abandoned in the North Sea off Winterton-on-Sea, Norfolk. Her crew were rescued by the Winterton Lifeboat.[5][6] |
Gefion | Denmark | The schooner was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the fishing lugger Scud ( United Kingdom). Gefion was on a voyage from Northfleet, Kent to Leith, Lothian, United Kingdom.[7] |
Kildare | United Kingdom | The steamship foundered in the South China Sea (14°39′N 109°58′E / 14.650°N 109.967°E) with the loss of four of her crew. She was on a voyage from Pasoeroewan, Netherlands East Indies to Hong Kong.[8][9] |
Sutherfield | United Kingdom | The barque was destroyed by fire in the Pacific Ocean (46°30′S 84°00′W / 46.500°S 84.000°W). Her crew took to the boats; they were rescued the next day by the barque Adventurer ( United Kingdom). Sutherfield was on a voyage from Pisagua, Chile to a British port.[10] |
5 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Brampton | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground on rocks in the Rabbit Islands, Ottoman Empire.[7] |
Emily | Norway | The barque collided with the barque Svea ( Russia) at Bordeaux, Gironde, France and was severely damaged.[5] |
Madeleine | France United Kingdom |
The fishing boat was run into by the steamship Queen ( United Kingdom) and sank in the Grand Banks of Newfoundland with the loss of 20 of her 24 crew.[11] |
Nor | Norway | The barque was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the steamship Grenville ( United Kingdom). Nor was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to Montrose, Forfarshire, United Kingdom.[12] |
Tolfaen | United Kingdom | The steamer capsized in heavy seas off Colwyn Bay, Wales while en route for Ireland from Liverpool. Five of the crew drowned.[13] |
6 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Gracie | United Kingdom | The steamship was run into by the steamship Ferndale ( United Kingdom) at Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland and was severely damaged.[7] |
Matthew M. Murray | United States | The schooner was wrecked at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, Canada.[14] |
7 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Kars | Germany | The steamship sank in the North Sea 63 nautical miles (117 km) north of the mouth of the Weser. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg, Russia to Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands.[12] |
10 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Harold | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at the mouth of the River Weaver. She was on a voyage from Garston, Lancashire to the Weston Point Docks, Cheshire.[15] |
13 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Annie | United Kingdom | The ketch was abandoned at sea. Her three crew were rescued by the steamship Alsatian ( United Kingdom).[16] |
Carl | United Kingdom | The Thames barge collided with London Bridge and sank in the River Thames.[16] |
Gertie | United Kingdom | The Thames barge was holed by the propeller of the steamship Hawk ( United Kingdom) and sank in the River Thames at Wapping, Middlesex.[16] |
16 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Clara | Norway | The barque was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew were rescued by the barque Charlotte and Anna ( Germany). Clara was on a voyage from Fowey, Cornwall, United Kingdom to New York, United States.[17] |
17 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
C. A. | United Kingdom | The ship collided with the steamship Pallion ( United Kingdom) off the Isles of Scilly. She was on a voyage from Muros, Spain to Cardiff, Glamorgan. She completed her voyage waterlogged at the bow.[18] |
Denmark | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore near Dagenham, Essex. She was on a voyage from New York to London. She was refloated the next day and completed her voyage.[18] |
Secret | Guernsey | The ketch was lost at Jersey, Channel Islands. Her crew were rescued.[18] |
18 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Rachael Harrison | United Kingdom | The ship was driven ashore at Cranfield Point, County Down. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire tp Newry, County Antrim. She was refloated and taken in to Warrenpoint, County Antrim in a severely leaky condition.[18] |
19 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Ernest | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground on the West Rocks, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex. She was on a voyage from Skutskär, Sweden to Calais, France. She was refloated the next day with assistance from the tugs Harwich and Robert Owen (both United Kingdom) and resumed her voyage.[19] |
Hooker | United Kingdom | The ship was driven ashore at Murvey, County Galway with the loss of two lives. She was on a voyage from Rounstone, County Galway to Galway.[17] |
Merlin | United Kingdom | The steam fishing boat was driven ashore at "Donought", Aberdeenshire.[20] |
Neptune | United Kingdom | The steamship collided with another steamship and foundered at sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Stettin, Germany to Glasgow, Renfrewshire.[19] |
20 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Bay of Cadiz | United Kingdom | The ship departed from Newcastle, New South Wales for San Francisco, California. No further trace, reported overdue.[21] |
Fair City | United Kingdom | The ship was abandoned off Land's End, Cornwall. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire to Plymouth, Devon.[17] |
Reed Case | United States | The schooner was wrecked in Lake Superior with the loss of her Captain.[22] |
1,631 | France | The fishing boat was driven ashore at Hastings, Sussex, United Kingdom. The sole crew member aboard was rescued.[19] |
21 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Presto | United Kingdom | The steamship collided with the steamship Cameo ( United Kingdom) in the River Thames at Gravesend, Kent and was beached.[19] |
23 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Farnley Hall | United Kingdom | The steamship was run into by the steamship Medway ( United Kingdom) at Newport, Monmouthshire and sank.[17] |
Lady Bertha | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at "Sandakrog", Iceland. Salvage was declared impossible.[23] |
24 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Despatch | United Kingdom | The steamship collided with the steamship Gertrude ( United Kingdom) and sank in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk. Her crew were rescued by the steamship Fenton ( United Kingdom).[24] |
Luna | United Kingdom | The ship departed from Newport, Monmouthshire for Barnstaple, Devon. No further trace, reported overdue.[25] |
Unnamed | Flag unknown | The steamship ran aground on the Goodwin Sands, Kent, United Kingdom.[24] |
25 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Dina | Netherlands | The brig was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean (41°30′N 24°20′W / 41.500°N 24.333°W). Her crew were rescued by the schooner Rippling Wave ( United Kingdom). Dina was on a voyage from Tobago to Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom.[26] |
Emma | United Kingdom | The schooner was run into by the barque E. W. Trickett ( United States) and was abandoned in the English Channel 6 nautical miles (11 km) off the Royal Sovereign Lightship ( Trinity House). All five people on board were rescued by E. W. Trickett. Emma was on a voyage from Portland, Dorset to London. She was towed in to Dover, Kent on 27 October.[27] |
Makah | United States | The whaler, a barque, was wrecked in a hurricane in Tillamook Bay with the loss of all 35 crew.[28] |
26 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Caldwell | United States | The schooner foundered off Old Providence, Colombia with the loss of nineteen of the 28 people on board. Survivors took to a boat; they were rescued on 28 October by the steamship Gussie ( United Kingdom).[2] |
Dublin | United Kingdom | The steamship collided with the steamship Longford ( United Kingdom) and sank off Great Orme Head, Caernarfonshire. Her crew were rescued by Longford.[29] |
Swallow | United Kingdom | The schooner was driven ashore at Holyhead, Anglesey.[29] She was later refloated.[30] |
27 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Emiliano | Spain | The steamship ran aground at Savannah, Georgia, United States. She was refloated but ran aground on the Tybee Knoll.[31] |
Sleipner | Norway | The schooner was driven ashore and wrecked at "Stamoe", near Hamina, Grand Duchy of Finland. She was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to Macduff, Aberdeenshire, United Kingdom.[32] |
28 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Falshaw | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground on the Blyth Sand, in the Thames Estuary. She was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to London.[31] |
Unnamed | Flag unknown | The fishing smack was run down and sunk in the North Sea 86 nautical miles (159 km) off the Elbe Lighthship ( Germany) by the steamship Prins Wilhelm ( Germany). All hands were lost.[26] |
29 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Girdleness | United Kingdom | The steamship was severely damaged by fire at Burntisland, Fife.[33] |
31 October
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Arthur | Netherlands | The ship departed from Doboy, Georgia, United States for Amsterdam, North Holland. No further trace, reported overdue.[34] |
A. W. Lawrence | United States | During a pre-dawn race with the tug Merrill ( United States) in the harbor at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, the tug disintegrated when her boiler exploded, killing four of her six-man crew. The accident was blamed on her engineer suddenly turning on the water feed to her boiler while she was carrying a full head of steam. Her remains lie on the harbor bottom at 43°01.532′N 087°51.339′W / 43.025533°N 87.855650°W.[35] |
Tony Krogmann | United Kingdom | The ship departed from Aruba, Curaçao and Dependencies for Gloucester. No further trace, reported missing.[21] |
Unknown date
[edit]Ship | State | Description |
---|---|---|
Adela | Argentina | The steam lighter collided with the steam lighter Banco ( United Kingdom) at San Pedro and was severely damaged.[17] |
Admiral | Russia | The steamship was driven ashore on Hogland.[30] |
Advance | Norway | The schooner ran aground on the Scroby Sands, Norfolk, United Kingdom. She was on a voyage from Laurvig to Bordeaux, Gironde, France. She was refloated with the assistance of a tug and assisted in to Great Yarmouth, Norfolk.[24] |
Algonquin | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore in the DeTour Passage.[33] |
Amazonaz | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground at "Raaso", Grand Duchy of Finland. She was later refloated and taken in to Oskarshamn, Sweden for repairs.[20][33] |
Anna Bertha, and Josephine |
Germany Russia |
The barque Anna Berth and the schooner Josephine collided and were both severely damaged. Josephine was on a voyage from Cherbourg, Manche, France to Hanko, Grand Duchy of Finland. Both vessels were take in to Helsingør, Denmark.[12] |
Anna Sophie | Denmark | The schooner ran aground on the Middelgrunden, in the Baltic Sea. She was on a voyage from Saint Petersburg, Russia to Landskrona, Sweden. She was refloated and resumed her voyage, but then collided with the schooner Solnar ( Norway), also aground on the Middelgrunden.[18] |
Apotheker Diesling | Germany | The barque was wrecked at Salina, Brazil. Her crew were rescued.[36] |
Arctic | Sweden | The barque was driven ashore at Helsingborg. She was on a voyage from Luleå to Hull, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. She was refloated and taken in to Höganäs.[12] |
Baltic | Sweden | The brig foundered in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the brig Treve (Flag unknown). Baltic was on a voyage from Bo'ness, Lothian, United Kingdom to a Danish port.[37] |
Bee | United Kingdom | The steamship sank at Carlingford, County Louth. She was on a voyage from Runcorn, Cheshire to Newry, County Antrim.[20] |
Berndina | Netherlands | The schooner was abandoned at sea. She was subsequently taken in to Copenhagen, Denmark.[33] |
Bertha Hela | Germany | The schooner was driven ashore and sank at Dantsic .[17] |
Betty | Russia | The full-rigged ship was driven ashore at "Penisari". She was refloated and taken in to Karlskrona, Sweden.[7] |
Bjornen | Norway | The schooner collided with a British steamship off Trekroner, Zeeland, Denmark and was severely damaged. She put in to Copenhagen on 10 October.[15] |
Brazilian | Flag unknown | The barque was driven ashore at Sandviken, Öland, Sweden.[7] |
Brilliant | Norway | The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Härnösand, Sweden to Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France.[18] |
Cathinka | Denmark | The schooner was run down and sunk by the barque Hero ( Norway). Her crew were rescued.[18] |
Ciscar | Spain | The steamship ran aground off Bradwell-on-Sea, Essex, United Kingdom.[38] |
City of Montreal | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore and wrecked at Michipicoten, Ontario, Canada.[17] |
Commodore | United Kingdom | The ship was driven ashore at Mörbylånga, Öland. She was refloated in early November and taken in to Oskarshamn.[29][32] |
Draco | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at "Krage", Denmark. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Riga, Russia.[31] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Fredrikshavn, Denmark.[30] |
Ealings | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground at North Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. She was on a voyage from New Orleans, Louisiana, United States to Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France.[15] |
Emelie Marie | France | The barque was towed in to Sundsvall, Sweden in a waterlogged condition.[18] |
Emu | United Kingdom | The tug was driven ashore and wrecked at Whitby, Yorkshire. Her crew were rescued by rocket apparatus.[16] |
Eos | Russia | The steamship was driven ashore at Allinge, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Reval to Aarhus, Denmark.[31] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[30] |
E. S. Jobson | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore on Anholt, Denmark.[31] She was refloated.[30] |
Esperance | Sweden | The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Sundsvall to Havre de Grâce, Seine-Inférieure. She was refloated with assistance and resumed her voyage.[20] |
Frogmore | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at Hasle, Bornholm, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Kiel, Germany to Riga.[31] She was refloated in mid-November and assisted in to Copenhagen for repairs.[39] |
Gaboon | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore near Southport, North Carolina. She was later refloated and taken in to Wilmington, North Carolina.[12][36] |
Gipsy Queen | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground in the Elbe.[12] |
Graphic | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground in the Danube 35 nautical miles (65 km) from its mouth.[36] |
Iris | Norway | The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Söderhamn, Sweden to Calais, France.[19] |
Isaac | Russia | The schooner was driven ashore on the south coast of Amack, Denmark.[18] She was refloated.[19] |
James Turpie | United Kingdom | The steamship collided with the steamship Kami ( Greece) off Malta and was severely damaged. She was beached.[36] |
King Tofa | United Kingdom | The steamship was holed by her anchor and sank near Lagos.[33] |
Krona | Sweden | The barque was driven ashore at Näsby, Öland.[15] |
Laforte | France | The schooner collided with the steamship Whickham ( United Kingdom) and sank 9 nautical miles (17 km) east of Europa Point, Gibraltar with the loss of her captain.[7] |
Liona | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground in the River Ouse. She was then run into by the steamship Stadt Nieupoort ( Belgium) and was severely damaged. Liona was on a voyage from Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium to Goole, Yorkshire.[36] |
Lippe | Belgium | The steamship ran aground in the Loire. She was on a voyage from Nantes, Loire-Inférieure, France to Antwerp.[31] |
Lisette | Sweden | The brig was driven ashore. She was on a voyage from Vestervig, Denmark to Moulmein, Burma. She was refloated and taken in to Varberg in a leaky condition.[30] |
Marsala | Germany | The steamship ran aground at Hamburg. She was on a voyage from New York to Hamburg.[31] |
Mary K. Campbell | United Kingdom | The barque was driven ashore at Matane, Quebec, Canada. She was on a voyage from New York, United States to Montreal, Quebec.[12] |
Merton | United Kingdom | The Thames barge collided with the steamship Rosella ( United Kingdom) and sank in the Thames Estuary off Broadness Point.[19] |
Metz | Germany | The steamship ran aground on the Normand Sand, in the Baltic Sea.[29] |
M. M. Drake | United States | The steamship was driven ashore and wrecked in the Mackenzie Strait.[17] |
Nelson | United Kingdom | The steamship caught fire. The fire was extinguished and she put back to Sulina, Romania.[19] She was subsequently taken in to Galaţi, Romania for repairs.[17] |
New Design | United Kingdom | The schooner was driven ashore at Bridgwater, Somerset.[18] |
Niagara | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground at Hull. She was on a voyage from Bombay, India to Hull. She was refloated on 23 October and taken in to Hull.[17] |
Nicholaas | Netherlands | The full-rigged ship was driven ashore on "Rigchel", off Vlieland, Friesland. She was on a voyage from Harlingen, Friesland to Härnösand.[12] |
Niels | Denmark | The kuff collided with the barque Sarah B. Cann ( United Kingdom) and was severely damaged. Niels was on a voyage from Dantsic to Thisted. She was towed in to Helsingør in a waterlogged condition.[18] |
'Niobe | Austria-Hungary | The steamship was driven ashore 10 nautical miles (19 km) north of Constanţa, Romania.[16] |
Osmaury | France | The brig foundered in the North Sea off Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands. Her crew were rescued by the barque India ( Norway). Osmaury was on a voyage from Rouen to Malmö, Sweden.[5] |
Oxon | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground at Dragør, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Skellefteå, Sweden to Hull.[17] She was later refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[30] |
Patria | Norway | The brig ran aground on the Lillegrund, in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[20][19] |
Privateer | Canada | The barque ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was on a voyage from Stettin, Germany to New York.[16] She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[20] |
Rachel Lotinga | United Kingdom | The lighter sank in the River Tyne.[16] |
Rhodora | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at Alberoni, Italy.[17] |
Robert | Norway | The barque ran aground and was damaged at Stoksund. She was on a voyage from Archangelsk, Russia to Hull. She was refloated and towed in to Drontheim.[40] |
Robert | Denmark | The brigantine was driven ashore at "Serro", Russia before 24 October. She was refloated with assistance from the steamship Hero ( Russia).[31] |
Sirius | Flag unknown | The ship ran aground near Onega, Russia. She was refloated and put in to the Pushbacka River. Repair was declared impossible.[7] |
Sir Robert Sale | United Kingdom | The ship was wrecked near Oran, Algeria. Her crew were rescued.[7] |
Smit | Netherlands | The steamship ran aground at Stevns, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Liepāja, Russia to London, United Kingdom.[31] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[30] |
Solnar | Norway | The schooner ran aground on the Middelgrunden. She was then run into by the schooner Anna Sophie ( Denmark). Solnar was on a voyage from Kemi, Grand Duchy of Finland to Grangemouth, Stirlingshire, United Kingdom. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[18] |
Sowerby | United Kingdom | The steamship ran aground at Saltholmen, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to Pillau, Germany. She was refloated with assistance and taken in to Copenhagen.[12] |
Speranza | Norway | The brig was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by the smack Great Carlton ( United Kingdom). Speranza was on a voyage from Goole to Christiania.[15] |
Stanhope | United Kingdom | The steamship was driven ashore at Allinge, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Härnösand to Lisbon, Portugal.[31] She was refloated with the assistance of a steamship and taken in to Copenhagen.[30] |
Star of Hope | United Kingdom | The smack was driven ashore 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) north of Winterton-on-Sea. Her crew were rescued.[16] |
Talavera | United Kingdom | The steamship was wrecked at Cape Finisterre, Spain.[17] |
Thyra | Sweden | The schooner ran aground on the Steilsand, in the North Sea off the coast of Germany. She was on a voyage from Greenock, Renfrewshire, United Kingdom to Dantsic.[16] |
Venus | Germany | The brig was abandoned at sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Barranquilla, Colombia to Falmouth, Cornwall, United Kingdom.[31] |
Victoria | Spain | The steamship ran aground on the Salmedina Reef, off Chipiona.[16] |
Victoria | Norway | The barque was driven ashore on Baker's Island. She was refloated and taken in to Sydney, New South Wales.[18] |
Vixen | Norway | The brig was driven ashore at Strömstad, Sweden. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, United Kingdom to Christiania.[31] |
Voltaic | United Kingdom | The ship sank at Liverpool, Lancashire.[12] |
Four unnamed vessels | United Kingdom | The ships were driven ashore on Anholt.[31] |
References
[edit]- ^ "Annual Report of the Operations of the United States Life-Saving Service for 1888". U.S. Government printing office via Googlebooks. 4 February 1891. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
- ^ a b "Fatal Collision In The Channel". The Times. No. 32535. London. 5 November 1888. col B, p. 6.
- ^ "British Barque Foundered". The Cornishman. No. 540. 8 November 1888. p. 3.
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (O)
- ^ a b c "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32510. London. 6 October 1888. col D, p. 7.
- ^ "The Winterton lifeboat was damaged ...". The Cornishman. No. 536. 11 October 1888. p. 3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32511. London. 8 October 1888. col F, p. 7.
- ^ "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32512. London. 9 October 1888. col F, p. 7.
- ^ "Kildare". Shipping and Shipbuilding Trust. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32563. London. 7 December 1888. col D, p. 10.
- ^ "Disaster At Sea". The Times. No. 32514. London. 11 October 1888. col D, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32513. London. 10 October 1888. col E, p. 7.
- ^ "Five members of the crew ...". The Cornishman. No. 536. 11 October 1888. p. 7.
- ^ "1888". Out of Gloucester. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32515. London. 12 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32517. London. 15 October 1888. col B, p. 7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32526. London. 25 October 1888. col F, p. 4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32521. London. 19 October 1888. col C, p. 8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32523. London. 22 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d e f "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32522. London. 20 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
- ^ a b "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32670. London. 11 April 1889. col B, p. 11.
- ^ "Annual Report of the Operations of the United States Life-Saving Service for 1888". U.S. Government printing office via Googlebooks. 4 February 1891. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32538. London. 8 November 1888. col C, p. 13.
- ^ a b c "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32527. London. 26 October 1888. col F, p. 4.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32574. London. 20 December 1888. col C, p. 7.
- ^ a b "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32532. London. 1 November 1888. col B, p. 10.
- ^ Renno, David (2004). Beachy Head Shipwrecks of the 19th Century. Sevenoaks: Amherst Publishing. pp. 382–83. ISBN 1-903637-20-1.
- ^ "Disasters At Sea". The Times. No. 32538. London. 8 November 1888. col F, p. 11.
- ^ a b c d "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32528. London. 27 October 1888. col F, p. 6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32530. London. 30 October 1888. col E, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32529. London. 29 October 1888. col D, p. 10.
- ^ a b "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32535. London. 5 November 1888. col C, p. 7.
- ^ a b c d e "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32531. London. 31 October 1888. col C, p. 13.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32700. London. 16 May 1889. col F, p. 10.
- ^ Wisconsin Shipwrecks: A.W. LAWRENCE (1881) Accessed 3 July 2021
- ^ a b c d e "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32516. London. 13 October 1888. col F, p. 10.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32509. London. 5 October 1888. col E, p. 8.
- ^ Benham, Hervey (1980). The Salvagers. Colchester: Essex County Newspapers Ltd. p. 198. ISBN 00-950944-2-3.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32541. London. 12 November 1888. col F, p. 7.
- ^ "Latest Shipping Intelligence". The Times. No. 32508. London. 4 October 1888. col B, p. 11.