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Nemastomatidae

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nemastomatidae
Temporal range: Palaeogene–present
Nemastoma bimaculatum from Belgium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Arachnida
Order:
Opiliones
Suborder:
Dyspnoi
Superfamily:
Nemastomatoidea
Family:
Nemastomatidae

Simon, 1872
Subfamilies
Diversity
c. 170 species

The Nemastomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 170 described species in 16 recent genera. Several fossil species and genera are known.

Unlike some related currently recognized families, the Nemastomatidae are monophyletic.[1]

Description

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Members of the Nemastomatidae range in body length from about one to almost six millimeters. Their chelicerae are of normal proportions, but the pedipalps are very elongated and thin in some groups. Leg length is likewise variable.[1]

Distribution

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The Nemastomatidae are divided into two subfamilies. The subfamily Ortholasmatinae occur on both sides of the Pacific Ocean: in western North America from Alaska and British Columbia to Mexico and possibly Honduras, but also eastern Asia (China, Japan Thailand and Vietnam). The subfamily Nemastomatinae occur across Europe and near, including Iceland and the Caucasus, plus in the Atlas Mountains of North Africa, from Anatolia to northern Iran. A few species are found outside this region in Central Asia and the Himalayas. Most species are geographically restricted to small zones in mountainous regions.[1]

Relationships

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The Nemastomatidae are probably a sister group to the Dicranolasmatidae and Trogulidae.[1]

Name

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The genus name Nemastoma is a combination of Ancient Greek nema "thread" and stoma "mouth", referring to the elongated pedipalps.[1]

Species

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For complete breakdown, see the following (as of 2023):[2]

For a broader recent listing of species see:

Main article: List of Dyspnoi species

Subfamily Nemastomatinae

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Subfamily Ortholasmatinae

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  • Asiolasma Martens, 2009 (6 species, Eastern Asia)
  • Cryptolasma Cruz-López, Cruz-Bonilla & Francke, 2018 (2 species, Eastern Mexico)
  • Ortholasma Banks, 1894 (5 species, Western USA, Northwestern Mexico)
  • Trilasma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 (9 species, Mexico, Honduras)

fossil

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incertae sedis

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ a b c d e Gruber, Jürgen (2007): Nemastomatidae. Simon, 1872. In: Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2007: 148ff
  2. ^ "Dendrolasma". Kury, A. et al. (2023). WCO-Lite: World Catalogue of Opiliones. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Schönhofer, A.L. (2013). "A taxonomic catalogue of the Dyspnoi Hansen and Sørensen, 1904 (Arachnida: Opiliones)". Zootaxa. 3679 (1): 1–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3679.1.1. PMID 26146693.

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nemastomatidae.

Further reading

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  • Pinto-da-Rocha, R., Machado, G. & Giribet, G. (eds.) (2007). Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. Harvard University Press, USA. ISBN 0-674-02343-9

For older species listings, see:

  • Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog (2005) [defunct after 2014]: Nemastomatidae
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