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Stavilac

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Stavilac (Serbian Cyrillic: ставилац, literally meaning "placer") was a court title in Medieval Bosnia and Medieval Serbia in the Middle Ages.[1][2] It was similar to the Byzantine court offices of domestikos and cup-bearer (pinkernes, known in Serbian as peharnik).[2] It had a role in the ceremony at the royal table, though the holder could be entrusted with jobs that had nothing to do with court rituals.[3] According to studies of Rade Mihaljčić, the holder was in charge of acquiring, preparing and serving food at the royal table.[4] It was a confidant duty, given to the highest and most notable nobility, which the ruler relied on in all occasions.[4]

History of usage

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Its oldest mention is from the Serbian court of King Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321), when Đuraš Vrančić had the title.[4] The title of stavilac ranked as the last in the hierarchy of the Serbian court, behind čelnik, kaznac, tepčija and vojvoda, the supreme title.[5] It was, nevertheless, quite prestigious as it enabled its holder to be very close to the ruler.[3] In the Dečani chrysobulls, King Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–1331) mentioned that the court dignitaries present at the Dečani assembly were the kaznac, tepčija, vojvoda, sluga and stavilac.[6] There is not much information on the title-holders at the court of King Stefan Dečanski; there is however much information on those at the court of King and Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–1355).[7]

In Bosnia, this court title appears for the first time with a coronation of the first Bosnian king, Tvrtko I Kotromanić. As soon as he ascended to a Bosnian throne as a king in 1377, Tvrtko reorganized his court reflecting some of the Serbian court-office titles, ceremonials and traditions.[1]

List of Bosnian stavilac

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  • Tvrtko Vlađević (1378), served King Tvrtko I
  • Ivan Radivojević (1392) served King Dabiša

List of Serbian stavilac

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Lazar Hrebeljanović (ca. 1329–1389), who began as stavilac at the court of Emperor Stefan Dušan, later became the most powerful nobles during the Fall of the Serbian Empire.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Pejo Ćošković (2009). "Tvrtko I - Kotromanići". hbl.lzmk.hr (in Croatian). Hrvatski biografski leksikon. Retrieved 1 April 2021. Reorganizirao je dvor preuzevši neka zvanja, službe i ceremonijal srpskoga (dijaka je zamijenio logotet, kaznaca protovestijar, naslovu stavilac odgovarala bi bizantska dvorska titula domestika i domestika stolnika).
  2. ^ a b Andrija Veselinović; Radoš Ljušić (2008). Srpske dinastije. Službene glasink. p. 240. ISBN 978-86-7549-921-3.
  3. ^ a b Mihaljčić 2001, pp. 15–28.
  4. ^ a b c d Blagojević 2001, p. 34.
  5. ^ Blagojević 2001, p. 211.
  6. ^ Srđan Šarkić (1996). Srednjovekovno srpsko pravo. Matica srpska. p. 66. ISBN 9788636303696.
  7. ^ a b Blagojević 2001, p. 35.
  8. ^ Božidar Zarković; Dušan Radunović; Vesna Sekulić; Vukosava Stevović (2002). Hotačka metohija: prvi hilandaroski posed u Srbiji. Institut za srpsku kulturu. p. 144. ISBN 9788682797265.

Sources

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