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Today's featured article St Melangell's Church is a Grade I listed medieval building in the former village of Pennant Melangell, in the Tanat Valley, Powys, Wales. Built over a Bronze Age burial ground, the church was founded around the 8th century to commemorate the reputed grave of Melangell, a hermit and abbess who founded a convent and sanctuary in the area. The current church was built in the 12th century and has been renovated several times, including major restoration work in the 19th and 20th centuries. Archaeological excavation in the 20th century uncovered prehistoric and early medieval activity. The church contains the reconstructed shrine to Melangell, considered the oldest surviving Romanesque shrine in northern Europe and which was a major pilgrimage site in medieval Wales. The interior of the church holds a 15th-century rood screen depicting Melangell's legend, two 14th-century effigies, paintings, and liturgical fittings. (Full article...) Recently featured: Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield Blackrocks Brewery Existence  Today's featured media USS Johnston was a Fletcher-class destroyer built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was named after Lieutenant John V. Johnston, a navy officer during the American Civil War. The ship was laid down in May 1942 and was launched in March 1943, entering active duty later that year as part of the US Pacific Fleet. Johnston provided naval gunfire support for American ground forces during the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign in 1944 and again, after three months of patrol and escort duty in the Solomon Islands, during the recapture of Guam in July. Thereafter, Johnston was tasked with escorting escort carriers during the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign and the liberation of the Philippines. On 25 October 1944, Johnston and various other ships were engaged by a large Imperial Japanese Navy flotilla, in what became known as the Battle off Samar. After engaging several Japanese capital ships and a destroyer squadron, Johnston was sunk with 187 dead. Johnston's wreck was discovered in 2019, and at a depth of more than 20,000 feet (6,100 m) below the surface, is one of the deepest shipwrecks ever surveyed. This photograph shows Johnston in Seattle in October 1943. Photograph credit: unidentified US Navy photographer; restored by Adam Cuerden and Cobatfor Recently featured: Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut – Hairy dragonfly – Archibald Sinclair, 1st Viscount Thurso Archive – More featured media...  Did you know Abdur Rahman Mahmudi ... that imprisoned Afghan politician Abdur Rahman Mahmudi (pictured) wrote poems using onion juice as ink in his prison cell? ... that MyRadar uses a custom satellite constellation to help forecast the weather? ... that the early woman explorer Adèle de Dombasle travelled to Polynesia in 1847 and worked as an illustrator, drawing people such as Queen Pōmare IV? ... that song lyrics were allowed as evidence in the YSL Records racketeering trial? ... that part of the site of Granville Colliery is now used as a dry ski slope? ... that the parents of Mathias Nkwenti, the second Cameroonian ever to play in the NFL, initially opposed his football career? ... that a small golden bell found at the site of the Mount Gerizim Temple is believed to have been part of the ephod of a high priest, as described in Exodus 28? ... that because the lord chancellor of England did not freeze assets before trial in 1789, the U.S. Supreme Court decided in 1999 that U.S. courts cannot either?

In the news Gustavo Gutiérrez Peruvian Catholic theologian Gustavo Gutiérrez (pictured), a founder of Latin American liberation theology, dies at the age of 96. Moldova votes to amend its constitution to include the aim of becoming a European Union member state. Yahya Sinwar, the leader of Hamas, is killed in a firefight with Israeli forces in Gaza. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences is awarded to Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James A. Robinson for their comparative studies of prosperity between nations. Ongoing: Israel–Hamas war Israel–Hezbollah conflict Russian invasion of Ukraine timeline Sudanese civil war timeline Recent deaths: Grizzly 399 Lord Hanningfield Fernando Valenzuela Rick Nolan Matia Chowdhury Ginés González García  This day in history October 25 Charge of the Light Brigade 1616 – Dutch explorer Dirk Hartog left a plate on an island in Shark Bay, the oldest-known artefact of European exploration in Australia still in existence. 1854 – Crimean War: The ill-fated Charge of the Light Brigade (pictured) was decisively repelled by Russian forces during the Battle of Balaclava. 1950 – The People's Volunteer Army ambushed the South Korean II Corps at the Battle of Onjong, and elsewhere engaged the 1st Infantry Division at the Battle of Unsan, marking China's entry into the Korean War. 2001 – Windows XP, one of the most popular and widely used versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system, was released for retail sale. 2022 – At 49 days, Liz Truss concluded the shortest tenure as prime minister of the United Kingdom. Catherine of Bosnia (d. 1478) Évariste Galois (b. 1811) Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (b. 1900) Katy Perry (b. 1984) More anniversaries: October 24 October 25 October 26

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