User:Chandramaas/sandbox
Audiometric Notches
Audiometric “notches” are audiogram configurations that indicate noise induced hearing loss. This notch occurs in the high frequencies of 3000, 4000, or 6,000 with a recovery at 8,000 Hz and can often be used as an early indication for NIHL[1]. Peer-reviewed journal articles have many ways of classifying audiometric notches. Several studies indicate that the difference between the threshold at the notch frequency (3-, 4-, or 6 kHz) and the 2 kHz threshold and the difference between threshold at the notch frequency and the 8 kHz threshold are both greater than or equal to 10 dB[2][3][4] (Wilson 2013,, Wilson 2011, hsu 2013, dud 2008). Whereas in some studies, consider a pure tone average of 25dB or greater at 3-, 4-, 6 kHz to be a notched audiogram. Audiometric notches among musicians typically occur at 6000 Hz (emmerich 2007, kahari 2004, jansen 2008), and notches among industrial workers typically occur at 4000 Hz[5].
Paragraph: This helps you set the style of the text. For example, a header, or plain paragraph text. You can also use it to offset block quotes.
A : Highlight your text, then click here to format it with bold, italics, etc. The "More" options allows you to underline, add code snippets, and change language keyboards.
Links: The chain button allows you to link your text. Highlight the word, and push the button. VisualEditor will automatically suggest related Wikipedia articles for that word or phrase. This is a great way to connect your article to more Wikipedia content. You only have to link important words once, usually during the first time they appear. If you want to link to pages outside of Wikipedia (for an "external links" section, for example) click on the "External link" tab.
Cite: The citation tool in VisualEditor helps format your citations. You can simply paste a DOI or URL, and the VisualEditor will try to sort out all of the fields you need. Be sure to review it, however, and apply missing fields manually (if you know them). You can also add books, journals, news, and websites manually. That opens up a quick guide for inputting your citations. Finally, you can click the "re-use" tab if you've already added a source and just want to cite it again.
Bullets: To add bullet points or a numbered list, click here.
Insert: This tab lets you add media, images, or tables.
Ω The final tab allows you to add special characters, such as those found in non-English words, scientific notation, and a handful of language extensions.
This is my sandbox.
- ^ McBride, David; Williams, Sheila (2001-01-01). "Characteristics of the audiometric notch as a clinical sign of noise exposure". Scandinavian Audiology. 30 (2): 106–111. doi:10.1080/010503901300112211. ISSN 0105-0397. PMID 11409787.
- ^ Coles, R.r.a.; Lutman, M.e.; Buffin, J.t. (2000-08-01). "Guidelines on the diagnosis of noise-induced hearing loss for medicolegal purposes". Clinical Otolaryngology & Allied Sciences. 25 (4): 264–273. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2273.2000.00368.x. ISSN 1365-2273.
- ^ Jansen, E. J. M.; Helleman, H. W.; Dreschler, W. A.; Laat, J. A. P. M. de (2008-04-11). "Noise induced hearing loss and other hearing complaints among musicians of symphony orchestras". International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 82 (2): 153–164. doi:10.1007/s00420-008-0317-1. ISSN 0340-0131.
- ^ Wilson, Richard h.; McArdle, Rachel. "Characteristics of the audiometric 4,000 Hz notch (744,553 veterans) and the 3,000, 4,000, and 6,000 Hz notches (539,932 veterans)" (PDF). The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 50 (1). doi:10.1682/jrrd.2011.11.0225.
- ^ McBride, David; Williams, Sheila (2001-01-01). "Characteristics of the audiometric notch as a clinical sign of noise exposure". Scandinavian Audiology. 30 (2): 106–111. doi:10.1080/010503901300112211. ISSN 0105-0397. PMID 11409787.