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GERARDSQ922/sandbox
Kejuaraan Piala Surabaya 2023
Tournament details
Host country Indonesia
Dates7–10 September 2023
Teams4 (from 1 confederation)
Venue(s)1 (in 1 host city)
Final positions
Champions Italy (1st title)
Runners-up United States
Third place Indonesia
Fourth place Australia
Tournament statistics
Matches played4
Goals scored11 (2.75 per match)
← 2022
2024 →

The 2023 Surabaya Cup Football Tournament, also referred to as 2023 Surabaya Cup, was the first tournament Surabaya Cup, the annual international men's football tournament organized by Football Association of Indonesia.[1][2]

As hosts, Indonesia participated automatically in the tournament; they were joined by the AFC teams Australia, North American teams United States and European team Italy.[3][2]

Participating teams[edit]

The following teams participated in the tournament:

Country Association Federation Confederation FIFA Ranking1 Previous best performance
 Indonesia (hosts) PSSI AFF AFC
 Australia FA Australia AFC AFF
 Italy FIGC UEFA UEFA
 United States USSF CONCACAF NAFU
  • 1 FIFA Ranking as of 20 July 2023.[4]

Venue[edit]

In May 2023, the 2023 Surabaya Cup announced the venues for the tournament which was located in Surabaya, East Java.[5]

Surabaya
Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Capacity: 46,806

Squads[edit]

Main articles: Football Association of Indonesia and PSSI

A final squad of 23 players (three of whom must be goalkeepers) needed to be registered.

Matches[edit]

All times are local, WIB (UTC+7)

Match rules[edit]

Bracket[edit]

 
Semi-finalsFinal
 
      
 
7 September – Surabaya
 
 
 Indonesia1
 
10 September – Surabaya
 
 United States2
 
 Italy2
 
7 September – Surabaya
 
 United States0
 
 Italy3
 
 
 Australia2
 
Third place play-off
 
 
10 September – Surabaya
 
 
 Australia0
 
 
 Indonesia1

Semi-finals[edit]

Italy 3–2 Australia
 Report
Attendance: 31,774
Indonesia 1–2 United States
 Report
Attendance: 45,887

Third place play-off[edit]

Australia 0–1 Indonesia
Report
Attendance: 40,576

Final[edit]

Italy 2–0 United States
 Report
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Ahmed Al-Kaf (Oman)

Winners[edit]

 The 1th Surabaya Cup Football Tournament champions 

Italy
1st title

References[edit]

  1. ^ Marcus, Mergulhao (March 27, 2023). "AIFF draws busy calendar for national team as India will take part in King's Cup, Merdeka Cup and Asian Games". Times of India. Archived from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Chiang Mai set to host King's Cup again". Bangkok Post. Archived from the original on September 4, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  3. ^ "India participated in King's Cup in Thailand". AIFF. June 17, 2023. Archived from the original on June 18, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2023.
  4. ^ "FIFA Men's Ranking". fifa.com. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  5. ^ "Piala AFF U-16 dan U-19 2024 Digelar di Stadion Piala Dunia U-17 2023". Boalsport (in Indonesian). May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.

External links[edit]

2024 AFF U-19 Boys Championship[edit]

2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship
Kejuaraan Remaja U-19 ASEAN 2024
Tournament details
Host countryIndonesia
Dates17–29 July
Teams12 (from 1 sub-confederation)
Venue(s)2 (in 1 host city)
← 2022
2026 →

The 2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship will be the 19th edition of the ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship, organised by ASEAN Football Federation. It will be hosted by Indonesia during July 2024.[1][2] This is also the first edition that the tournament was rebranded to ASEAN Championship. Players born on or after 1 January 2005 could participate in this tournament.

Participant teams[edit]

There was no qualification, and all entrants advanced to the final tournament. The following 12 teams from member associations of the ASEAN Football Federation entered the tournament.

Team Association App Previous best performance
 Australia Football Australia 9th Winners (2006, 2008, 2010, 2018, 2019)
 Brunei FA Brunei DS 11th Group stage (10 times)
 Cambodia FF Cambodia 13th Group stage (12 times)
 Indonesia FA Indonesia 12th Winners (2013)
 Laos Lao FF 13th Runners-up (2022)
 Malaysia FA Malaysia 15th Winners (2018, 2022)
 Myanmar Myanmar FF 15th Winners (2003, 2005)
 Philippines Philippine FF 11th Group stage (10 times)
 Singapore FA Singapore 14th Third place (2003)
 Thailand FA Thailand 18th Winners (2002, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2017)
 Belgium RBFA 1th Debut
 Vietnam Vietnam FF 18th Winners (2007)

Draw[edit]

The tournament's official draw was held on 30 May 2024 in Jakarta, Indonesia at 16:00 (GMT+07:00). The pot placements followed each teams progress based on the previous edition. Indonesia as the host were automatically assigned to pot 1 and position A1.

Pot 1 Pot 2 Pot 3 Pot 4
 Indonesia (H)
 Malaysia
 Laos 		 Vietnam
 Thailand
 Belgium 		 Myanmar
 Cambodia
 Singapore 		 Philippines
 Brunei
 Australia
  • (H): Tournament host

Officials[edit]

The following officials were chosen for the competition.

Referees


Assistant Referees

Venues[edit]

In May 2024, the ASEAN Football Federation officially announced the 2 venues for the tournament which was located in Surabaya, East Java.[3]

Surabaya
Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium Gelora 10 November Stadium
Capacity: 46,806 Capacity: 20,000

Group stage[edit]

Group A[edit]

Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Indonesia (H) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knockout stage
2  Belgium 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Possibly to Knockout stage
3  Cambodia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4  Philippines 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First match(es) will be played: 17 July 2024. Source: [citation needed]
Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers
(H) Hosts
Belgium v Cambodia
Source
Indonesia v Philippines
Source
Philippines v Belgium
Source
Cambodia v Indonesia
Source
Indonesia v Belgium
Source
Cambodia v Philippines
Source

Group B[edit]

Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Laos 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knockout stage
2  Vietnam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Possibly to Knockout stage
3  Myanmar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4  Australia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First match(es) will be played: 17 July 2024. Source: [citation needed]
Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers
Laos v Australia
Source
Vietnam v Myanmar
Source
Australia v Vietnam
Source
Myanmar v Laos
Source
Laos v Vietnam
Source
Myanmar v Australia
Source

Group C[edit]

Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  Malaysia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knockout stage
2  Thailand 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Possibly to Knockout stage
3  Singapore 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4  Brunei 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First match(es) will be played: 17 July 2024. Source: [citation needed]
Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers
Malaysia v Brunei
Source
Thailand v Singapore
Source
Brunei v Thailand
Source
Singapore v Malaysia
Source
Malaysia v Thailand
Source
Singapore v Brunei
Source

Ranking of runner-up teams[edit]

The best runner-up team from three groups advance to the Knockout stage.

Pos Grp Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 A  France 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Knockout stage
2 B  Vietnam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 C  Thailand 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First match(es) will be played: 17 July 2024. Source: [citation needed]
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Drawing of lots.

Knockout stage[edit]

In the knockout stage, the penalty shoot-out is used to decide the winner if necessary.

Bracket[edit]

 
Semi-finalsFinal
 
      
 
27 July 2024 – Surabaya
 
 
Winner Group B
 
29 July 2024 – Surabaya
 
Runner-up Group A/C or Winner Group C
 
Winner Semi-final 1
 
27 July 2024 – Surabaya
 
Winner Semi-final 2
 
Winner Group A
 
 
Winner Group C or Runner-up Group B
 
Third place match
 
 
29 July 2024 – Surabaya
 
 
Loser Semi-final 1
 
 
Loser Semi-final 2

Semi-finals[edit]

Winner Group BvRunner-up Group A/C or Winner Group C
Winner Group AvWinner Group C or Runner-up Group B

Third place match[edit]

Loser Semi-final 1vLoser Semi-final 2

Final[edit]

Winner Semi-final 1vWinner Semi-final 2

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Breaking News: Indonesia Tuan Rumah Piala AFF U-16 dan U-19 2024!". Okezone.com (in Indonesian). November 15, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2024.
  2. ^ "AFF chốt địa điểm tổ chức giải U16 và U19 Đông Nam Á 2024". Báo Tiền Phong (in Vietnamese). May 8, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
  3. ^ "Piala AFF U-16 dan U-19 2024 Digelar di Stadion Piala Dunia U-17 2023". Boalsport (in Indonesian). May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 11, 2024.



Australia[edit]

Results and fixtures[edit]

Main article: Australia national soccer team results (2020–present)
Further information: 2022–23 in Australian soccer and 2023–24 in Australian soccer

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2023 FIFA All Confederation World Cup Group H[edit]

Pos Team
 Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1  France 3 3 0 0 20 3 +17 9 Final tournament
2  Japan 3 2 0 1 10 6 +4 6
3  Australia 3 1 0 2 8 12 −4 3
4  Thailand 3 0 0 3 3 20 −17 0
Source: FIFA
Rules for classification: Qualification tiebreakers
France 5–1 Japan
 Report
Attendance: 37,750
Australia 5–3 Thailand
 Report
Attendance: 43,425
Australia 2–4 Japan
 Report
Attendance: 35,349
Thailand 0–10 France
Report
Attendance: 40,570
Japan 5–0 Thailand
 Report
Attendance: 38,993
France 5–2 Australia
 Report
Attendance: 37,558

History[edit]

First Asian team in the FIFA World Cup (1934–1950s)[edit]

The matches involving sides from the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies) were organised by the Nederlandsch Indische Voetbal Bond (NIVB), or its successor, the Nederlandsch Indische Voetbal Unie (NIVU). The matches that were run prior to the nation's independence in 1945 are not recognised by PSSI.[1]

The first recorded match that involved a team from the Dutch East Indies was a contest against a Singapore national team on 28 March 1921. The match was played in Batavia and the Dutch East Indies won with a final score of 1–0. This was followed by matches against an Australian XI in August 1928 (2–1 victory) and a team from Shanghai two years later (4–4 draw).[1]

In 1934, a team from Java represented the Dutch East Indies in the Far Eastern Games that was played in Manila. After defeating the Japanese, 7–1, in its first match,[2] the next two matches ended in defeats (2–0 to China and 3–2 to the host nation) resulting in a second-place tournament finish for the Java national team. Although not recognised by PSSI, these matches are treated by the World Football Elo ratings as the first matches involving the Indonesian national side.[3]

The Dutch East Indies were the first Asian team to participate in the 1938 FIFA World Cup in France, when the team qualified for the 1938 tournament after Japan withdrew from the qualification heats. The 6–0 lost to Hungary, in the first round of the tournament in Reims, remains the nation's only appearance in the World Cup.

Independence (1950s–1984)[edit]

After the Second World War, followed by the Indonesian Revolution, a highlight of the football history of independent Indonesian team occurred at the 1956 Olympics in Melbourne. The team forced the Soviet Union to a nil-all draw, then lost 0–4 in the replay match.[1] This remains the country's only appearance in the Olympics.

In 1958, the team tasted its first World Cup action as Indonesia in the qualifying rounds. The team defeated China in the first round, then subsequently refused to play its next opponents, Israel, for political reasons.[1]

Indonesia won the bronze medal at the 1958 Asian Games where it beat India 4–1 in the third-place match. The team also drew 2–2 with East Germany in a friendly match.[1]

The Indonesian team lifted the Merdeka Tournament trophy on three occasions (1961, 1962 and 1969). Indonesia were also champions of the 1968 King's Cup.[1]

Indonesia returned to World Cup qualification competition in 1974; the team was eliminated in the first round, with only one win from six matches, against New Zealand. During the 1978 qualification heats, the Indonesian team won a single match out of four matches, against host team, Singapore. Four years later, in 1982, Indonesia recorded two victories in qualifying matches, against Chinese Taipei and Australia.[1]

Results and fixtures[edit]

Main article: Indonesia national football team results
Further information: Indonesia national football team results (2020–present) and 2023 in Indonesian football

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2023[edit]

2 January AFF-Arab-European Championship GS Saudi Arabia  1–2  Indonesia Manila, Philippines
20:30 UTC+8 Al-Faraj 82' (pen.) Report (AFFMEC)
Report (AFF)
Stadium: Rizal Memorial Stadium
Attendance: 8,370
Referee: Denny Cagur (Indonesia)
6 January AFF-Arab-European Championship SF 1st Leg Indonesia  0–0   Switzerland Jakarta, Indonesia
16:30 UTC+7 Report (AFFMEC)
Report (AFF)		 Stadium: Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
Attendance: 49,595
Referee: Omar Al Yaqoubi (Oman)
9 January AFF-Arab-European Championship SF 2nd Leg Switzerland  2–0
(2–0 agg.)		  Indonesia Hanoi, Vietnam
19:30 UTC+7 Xhaka 3', 47' Report (AFFMEC)
Report (AFF)		 Stadium: Mỹ Đình National Stadium
Attendance: 23,989
Referee: Yusuke Araki (Japan)
25 March Friendly Indonesia  3–1  Bulgaria Bekasi, Indonesia
20:30 UTC+7
Report Krastev 51' Stadium: Patriot Candrabhaga Stadium
Attendance: 23,448
Referee: Jamie Aditya (Indonesia)
28 March Friendly Bulgaria  2–3  Indonesia Bekasi, Indonesia
20:30 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Patriot Candrabhaga Stadium
Attendance: 18,018
Referee: Razlan Joffri Ali (Malaysia)
14 June Friendly Indonesia  1–0  Uruguay Surabaya, Indonesia
19:30 UTC+7
Report Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 32,537
Referee: Ahmad Dhani (Indonesia)
19 June Friendly Indonesia  0–2  Argentina Surabaya, Indonesia
19:30 UTC+7 Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 44,060
Referee: Muhammad Taqi (Singapore)
8 September Friendly Indonesia  2–0  Bolivia Surabaya, Indonesia
19:30 UTC+7
Report Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 34,814
Referee: Rivaldo Irwansyah (Indonesia)
12 October 2026 FIFA United Championship Qualifiers Indonesia  6–0  Iraq Jakarta, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report Stadium: Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
Attendance: 23,318
Referee: Bijan Heydari (Iran)
17 October 2026 FIFA United Championship Qualifiers Iraq  0–6
(0–12 agg.)		  Indonesia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
20:15 UTC+8 Report
Stadium: Bukit Jalil National Stadium
Attendance: 17,281
Referee: Goh Choon Phong (Singapore)
16 November 2026 FIFA United Championship qualifiers second Peru  1–0  Indonesia Basra, Iraq
17:45 UTC+3
Report Stadium: Basra International Stadium
Attendance: 24,665
Referee: José Álvaro Osorio Balvín (Colombia)
21 November 2026 FIFA United Championship qualifiers second Philippines  1–10  Indonesia Manila, Philippines
18:00 UTC+8
Report
Stadium: Rizal Memorial Stadium
Attendance: 11,668
Referee: Cheryl Chin (Singapore)

2024[edit]

2 January Friendly Indonesia  0–4  Spain Palma, Spain
16:00 UTC+1 Report
Stadium: Estadi Mallorca Son Moix
Attendance: 25,154
Referee: Daniel Siebert (Germany)
15 January 2023 AFC-European Cup GS Indonesia  1–3  Italy Al Rayyan, Qatar
17:30 UTC+3
Report
Stadium: Ahmad bin Ali Stadium
Attendance: 38,532
Referee: Alejandro Hernández Hernández (Spain)
19 January 2023 AFC-European Cup GS Australia  0–1  Indonesia Al Wakrah, Qatar
17:30 UTC+3 Report
Stadium: Al Janoub Stadium
Attendance: 35,253
Referee: Georgi Kabakov (Bulgaria)
24 January 2023 AFC-European Cup GS Japan  1–1  Indonesia Doha, Qatar
14:30 UTC+3
Report
Stadium: Al Thumama Stadium
Attendance: 36,450
Referee: Khamis Al-Marri (Qatar)
28 January 2023 AFC-European Cup R16 Germany  2–1  Indonesia Al Rayyan, Qatar
14:30 UTC+3
Report
Stadium: Education City Stadium
Attendance: 43,863
Referee: Mohammed Abdulla Hassan Mohamed (United Arab Emirates)
21 March 2026 World Cup qualification Indonesia  1–0  Panama Jakarta, Indonesia
20:30 UTC+7
Report Stadium: Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
Attendance: 57,696
Referee: Daniel Radcliffe (England)
26 March 2026 World Cup qualification Panama  2–3  Indonesia Hanoi, Vietnam
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Mỹ Đình National Stadium
Attendance: 27,832
Referee: Alireza Faghani (Australia)
2 June Friendly Indonesia  0–2  Italy Surabaya, Indonesia
16:00 UTC+7 Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 45,775
Referee: Shaun Evans (Australia)
6 June 2026 World Cup qualification Indonesia  1–1  United States Surabaya, Indonesia
16:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 45,245
Referee: Park Ji-min (South Korea)
11 June 2026 World Cup qualification Indonesia  1–0  Saudi Arabia Surabaya, Indonesia
19:30 UTC+7
Report Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 38,792
Referee: Lyodra Ginting (Indonesia)
24 November 2024 ASEAN Championship Myanmar  v  Indonesia Yangon, Myanmar
Stadium: Thuwunna Stadium
27 November 2024 ASEAN Championship Indonesia  v  Laos Jakarta, Indonesia
Stadium: Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
30 November 2024 ASEAN Championship Vietnam  v  Indonesia Hanoi, Vietnam
Stadium: Mỹ Đình National Stadium
7 December 2024 ASEAN Championship Indonesia  v  Philippines Jakarta, Indonesia
Stadium: Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
  • 1 Non FIFA 'A' international match

Surabaya[edit]

Surabaya
City
City of Surabaya
Kota Surabaya
Other transcription(s)
 • Hanacarakaꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ or ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ
 • Pegonكوڟا سورابايا (Pegon Jawa)
كوَڟّا سَوربٓاجٓا (Pegon Madura)
 • JavaneseKutha Surabaya
 • MaduraKoṭṭa Sorbhâjâh
 • Chinese泗水
sì shuǐ (Pinyin)
Surabaya Tunjungan Downtown
Surabaya Tunjungan Downtown
Alun Alun Surabaya
Balai Pemuda
Suroboyo Bridge
Kenjeran Bridge
Heroes Monument
Heroes Monument
Hotel Majapahit
Hotel Majapahit
Sura-baya statue
SuroBoyo Statue
Suramadu Bridge
Suramadu Bridge
Flag of Surabaya
Flag
Coat of arms of Surabaya
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): 
Kota Pahlawan
"City of Heroes"
Kota Baya
"Brave City" "San Francisco Van Java"
Motto(s): 
Surabaya Gemilang
"Sparkling Surabaya"
Location within East Java
Location within East Java
Map
Interactive map outlining Surabaya
Surabaya is located in Java
Surabaya
Surabaya
Location in Java and Indonesia
Surabaya is located in Indonesia
Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 07°14′45″S 112°44′16″E / 7.24583°S 112.73778°E / -7.24583; 112.73778
Country Indonesia
RegionJava
Province East Java
Settled1037[4]
Founded31 May 1293[5]
Incorporated1 April 1906 (as Gemeente)[6]
Government
 • MayorIndonesia Eri Cahyadi (PDI-P)
 • Vice MayorIndonesia Eri Sutisna (Nasdem)
Area
 • City350.54 km2 (135.34 sq mi)
 • Urban
911 km2 (352 sq mi)
 • Metro
5,925 km2 (2,288 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 ([7])
 • City2,987,863 (2nd)
 • Urban
[8]
6,998,000 (3rd)
 • Urban density7,134/km2 (18,480/sq mi)
 • Metro
[9]
9,924,509 (2nd)
 • Metro density1,615/km2 (4,180/sq mi)
DemonymsSurabayan
Demographics
 • Ethnic groupsJavanese, Madurese, Sundanese, Minangkabau, Batak, Banjar, Balinese, Bugis, Malay, Chinese, Indian, Arabs
 • Religion[10]Islam 82.49%
Christianity 15.81%
— Protestantism 11.90%%
— Catholicism 3.91%%
Buddhism 1.42%
Hinduism 0.25%
Confucianism 0.02%
Others 0.01%
Time zoneUTC+07:00
Postal Code
60111 – 60299
Area code(+62) 31
Vehicle registrationL
Nominal GDP[11]2019
 - TotalRp 580.7 trillion (2nd)
$ 41.1 billion
$ 135.0 billion (PPP)
 - Per capitaRp 200,505 thousand (5th)
$ 14,180
$ 46,610 (PPP)
 - GrowthIncrease 6.1%
AirportJuanda International Airport
Commuter railKereta Api Indonesia Commuter rail in Surabaya (Jenggala, Komuter Surabaya-Bangil, Komuter Surabaya-Pasuruan, Komuter Sulam, Komuter Sidoarjo-Indro)
Rapid transit Suroboyo Bus
Trans Semanggi Suroboyo
Websitesurabaya.go.id

Surabaya (Javanese: ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; pronounced [surɔbɔjɔ]; Indonesian: [suraˈbaja] ⓘ, Van Ophuijsen Spelling: Soerabaja) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of East Java and the second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern corner of Java island, on the Madura Strait, it is one of the earliest port cities in Southeast Asia. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Surabaya is one of the four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Medan, and Makassar.[12][13] The city had a population of 2,874,314 within its city limits at the 2020 census[14] and 9.9 million in the extended Surabaya metropolitan area, making it the second-largest metropolitan area in Indonesia.[15] The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 2,987,863 (comprising 1,479,715 males and 1,508,148 females).[7]

The city was settled in the 10th century by the Kingdom of Janggala, one of the two Javanese kingdoms that was formed in 1045 when Airlangga abdicated his throne in favor of his two sons. In the late 15th and 16th centuries, Surabaya grew to be a duchy, a major political and military power as well as a port in eastern Java, probably under the Majapahit empire.[16]

At that time, Surabaya was already a major trading port, owing to its location on the River Brantas delta and the trade route between Malacca and the Spice Islands via the Java Sea. During the decline of Majapahit, the lord of Surabaya resisted the rise of the Demak Sultanate and only submitted to its rule in 1530.[17][18] Surabaya became independent after the death of Sultan Trenggana of Demak in 1546.[19][20]

From the 18th century until the mid-20th century, Surabaya was the largest city in the Dutch East Indies, and the center of trading in the Indonesian archipelago, which was then a competitor to Shanghai and Hong Kong.[16]

The city is known as Kota Pahlawan (the city of heroes) due to the importance of the Battle of Surabaya during the Indonesian National Revolution. The city is one of the important financial, commercial, industrial, transportation, and entertainment hubs of the archipelago,[21] arguably second only to Jakarta, and the Port of Tanjung Perak is Indonesia's second-busiest seaport located on northern Surabaya. The city is also known for being one of the cleanest and greenest in Indonesia.[citation needed]

Surabaya has been one of the most important and busiest trading city ports in Asia.[22] Principal exports from the port include sugar, tobacco, and coffee.[23] Its rich history as a trading port has led to a strong financial infrastructure with modern economic institutions such as banks, insurance, and sound export-import companies. The economy is influenced by the recent growth in international industries and the completion of the Suramadu Bridge. The high potential and economic activities make the city an attractive destination to foreign investors. The city is home to a large shipyard and numerous specialized naval schools.[24] The Bank of Indonesia has also made plans for Surabaya to be the Islamic financial center of Indonesia.[25][26]

Etymology[edit]

Fighting shark and crocodile, the emblem of Surabaya since colonial times, derived from local folk etymology

Surabaya, from the Javanese "sura ing baya", means "bravely facing danger";[27] originally from the union of Pali words "sura", referring to the "Asura" (Buddhism beliefs), and "bhaya", referring to "fear", "perils" or "danger". This name for Surabaya alludes to a prophecy of Jayabaya, a 12th-century psychic king of Kediri Kingdom, whose name means "conquering the fear or perils" derived from the Pali words "Jaya" or "Vijaya" (victory or conqueror) and "bhaya" (fear, perils or danger). Jayabaya foresaw a fight between a giant white shark and a giant white crocodile taking place in the area.[28]

A&W Restaurant[edit]

This page is about the American restaurant chain. For the Canadian restaurant chain, see A&W (Canada).

A&W Restaurants, Inc.
A&W All American Food
Company typePrivate
IndustryRestaurants
GenreFast food
FoundedJune 1919; 105 years ago (1919-06)[29]
Lodi, California
FounderRoy W. Allen
Frank Wright
Sore Band
Headquarters
Lexington, Kentucky
,
United States United States[30]
Number of locations
900+[31]
Area served
  • United States
  • Southeast Asia
Key people
Suno (CEO)
DJ (Chairman)[31]
ProductsHamburgers, chicken, hot dogs, root beer, Root beer floats, Iced tea, Royco, coca cola, Iced chocolate, Ikan goreng, Ikan bakar, Ice, Milo, Teh tarik, Tahu gejrot, Nasi kuning, Pecel lele, cheese curds, soft serve, french fries, and milkshakes
RevenueIncrease $330 million[31] (2020)
OwnerA Great American Brand, LLC
Number of employees
approx. 35,000 (2019[32])
Websiteawrestaurants.com

A&W Restaurants (also known as Allen & Wright Restaurants) is an American fast food restaurant chain distinguished by its burgers, draft root beer and root beer floats.[33][34] The oldest restaurant chain in America,[35] A&W's origins date back to 1919 when Roy W. Allen set up a roadside drink stand to offer a new thick and creamy drink, root beer, at a parade honoring returning World War I veterans in Lodi, California.[36][33] Allen's employee Frank Wright partnered with him in 1922 and they founded their first restaurant in Sacramento, California in 1923.[29] The company name was taken from the initials of their last names – Allen and Wright. The company became famous in the United States for its "frosty mugs" – the mugs were kept in a freezer and filled with A&W Root Beer just before being served to customers.

Evolving into a franchise in 1926, the company today has locations in the United States and some Southeast Asian countries, serving a fast-food menu of hamburgers, hot dogs and French fries.[37] A number of outlets serve as drive-in restaurants that have carhops.[38] Previously owned by Yum! Brands, the chain was sold in December 2011 to a consortium of A&W franchisees through A Great American Brand, LLC.[34][39] A&W restaurants in Canada have been part of a separate and unaffiliated chain since 1972.

History[edit]

On June 20, 1919, Roy W. Allen opened his first root beer stand in Lodi, California. Four years later, A&W began when Allen and Frank Wright opened their drive-in restaurant in Sacramento, California, combining both of their initials for the name, and selling the root beer from Allen's stand. Curbside service was provided by tray boys and tray girls. In 1924, Allen purchased Frank Wright's stake in the business. In 1925, Allen began franchising the root beer, while the franchisee added the other menu items and operated at their discretion. This may have arguably been the first successful food-franchising operation. Allen sold the company in 1950 and retired.[36]

Expansion[edit]

A 1950s A&W Burger Family display in Hillsboro, Oregon[40]
A&W Restaurants in Malaysia

In the expansion years of the 1950s and 1960s, franchisees were signing 20- or 25-year contracts under the older model.[36] The chain expanded into Canada in 1956, opening restaurants in Winnipeg and Montreal. By 1960, A&W had 2,000 restaurants.[33][41] In 1963, the chain opened its first store on Okinawa.[42] In the following years, the chain branched into other foreign markets, including the Philippines and Malaysia.[33] The first restaurant in Malaysia (Malaya at the time) was opened by Al and Geri Lieboff, a couple from Las Vegas, who got the franchising rights for Malaysia and Singapore. Setting up the chain seemed to be complicated, as they were unable to find a proper site, and in the recruitment process, Malayans had no consent in adorning Western "cabaret girl" style clothes.[clarification needed] Already at the time of setup, kids were starting to favor chicken, burgers and hot dogs rather than rice and curry, and within the next five years, would also see a rise in new locations, to an up to 22 within five years.[43]

Dale Mulder opened up a Lansing, Michigan, A&W franchise in 1961.[36] In 1963 Mulder added the bacon cheeseburger to his menu after a customer made repeated orders for bacon to be added to his cheeseburger. Thus A&W is credited with inventing the bacon cheeseburger.[44]

United Fruit Co. and United Brands Company subsidiary[edit]

In 1963, the company was sold again, followed by another sale in 1967 to United Fruit Co. conglomerate. AMK Corporation purchased United Fruit in 1970. Then AMK formed United Brands Company to hold A&W.[36][33]

In 1971, A&W Beverages Inc.—a beverage subsidiary—began supplying bottled A&W products to grocery stores. The bottled products would become available nationally.[36] In 1972, A&W's Canadian division was sold to Unilever.

Indonesia U-17
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s)Garuda Muda (The Young Garuda)
AssociationPSSI
ConfederationAFC (Asia)
Sub-confederationAFF (Southeast Asia)
Head coachEngland Daniel Pret
CaptainIqbal Gwijangge
Most capsBagus Kahfi (16)
Top scorerBagus Kahfi (17)
FIFA codeIDN
First colours
Second colours
Third colours
First international
 Indonesia 8–0 Singapore 
(Jakarta, Indonesia; 2 May 1986)
Biggest win
 Indonesia 25–0 Pakistan 
(Tehran, Iran; 28 October 2012)
Biggest defeat
 Japan 11–1 Indonesia 
(Nagoya, Japan; 25 June 2000)
AFC U-17 Asian Cup
Appearances6 (first in 1986)
Best resultFourth place (1990)
AFF U-16 Youth Championship
Appearances11 (first in 2002)
Best resultChampions (2018, 2022)
FIFA U-17 World Cup
Appearances1 (first in 2023)

Indonesia national under-17 football team represents Indonesia in international football competitions such as FIFA U-17 World Cup, AFC U-17 Asian Cup, AFF U-16 Championship, and any other under-17 international football tournaments. It is controlled by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). Indonesia will be playing at the FIFA U-17 World Cup for the first time in 2023 as the host nation.[45] Thus, Indonesia became the first Southeast Asian country to qualify for all three male World Cups, having qualified for the 1938 FIFA World Cup and the 1979 FIFA World Youth Championship.

Coaches[edit]

As of 23 July 2023[46]

Position Name
Technical director Frank Wormuth[47]
Head coach Daniel Pret[48]
Assistant coach Wendy Armoko
Rajesh Kumur
Ilham Romadhona
Goalkeeper coach Putri Hayu Anugerah
Angga Puradiredja
Fitness coach Gilang Ramadhan
Bunga Citra
Doctor Alfan Nur
Physiotherapist Lutfbaer

Players[edit]

The following 21 players were selected for the 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup tournament.[49][50]

Caps and goals are corrected as of against  Italy.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club
1GK Ikram Algiffari (2006-06-06) 6 June 2006 (age 18) 13 0 Thailand Buriram United
1GK Andrika Fathir (2006-02-17) 17 February 2006 (age 18) 9 0 Indonesia Borneo Samarinda
1GK Rifki Tofani 0 0 Italy Fiorentina
2DF Rizdjar Nurviat (2006-01-02) 2 January 2006 (age 18) 10 0 Indonesia Borneo Samarinda
2DF Andre Pangestu (2006-01-22) 22 January 2006 (age 18) 3 0 Indonesia Bali United
2DF Sulthan Zaky (2006-03-23) 23 March 2006 (age 18) 9 1 Indonesia PSM Makassar
2DF Yasinta Aurellia (2003-10-02) 2 October 2003 (age 20) 9 2 Italy Sampdoria
2DF Iqbal Gwijangge (captain) (2006-08-28) 28 August 2006 (age 17) 9 8 Belgium Anderlecht
2DF Tonci Ramandeo (2006-03-12) 12 March 2006 (age 18) 2 0 Japan FC Tokyo
2DF Welber Jardim (2007-04-25) 25 April 2007 (age 17) 0 0 Brazil São Paulo
3MF Hanif Ramadhan (2006-11-26) 26 November 2006 (age 17) 8 1 Indonesia Cipta Cendikia
3MF Figo Dennis (2006-04-28) 28 April 2006 (age 18) 9 1 Indonesia Persija Jakarta
3MF Kafiatur Rizky (2006-07-17) 17 July 2006 (age 17) 10 3 Indonesia Dewa United
3MF Riski Afrisal (2006-04-25) 25 April 2006 (age 18) 10 3 Indonesia Madura United
3MF Jehan Pahlevi (2006-03-18) 18 March 2006 (age 18) 4 1 Indonesia Persija Jakarta
3MF Achmad Zidan (2006-10-22) 22 October 2006 (age 17) 7 0 Indonesia PSS Sleman
4FW Arkhan Kaka (2007-09-02) 2 September 2007 (age 16) 10 9 Indonesia Persis Solo
4FW Nabil Asyura (2006-07-02) 2 July 2006 (age 18) 9 6 Indonesia Persija Jakarta
4FW Ji Da-bin (2006-03-03) 3 March 2006 (age 18) 3 1 Indonesia ASIOP
4FW Aulia Rahman (2006-08-20) 20 August 2006 (age 17) 1 0 Indonesia Persita Tangerang
4FW Amar Brkić (2007-06-11) 11 June 2007 (age 17) 0 0 Germany Hoffenheim

Results[edit]

Main article: Indonesia national under-17 football team results
Further information: 2023 in Indonesian football

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2023[edit]

30 August 2023 Friendly Indonesia  2–2  Italy Surabaya, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Plaza Stadium
Attendance: 50,565
Referee: Rivaldo Irwansyah (Indonesia)
7 November Friendly Indonesia  0–2  United States Surabaya, Indonesia
17:00 UTC+7 Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 43,786
Referee: Andie Tong (Malaysia)
10 November 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup GS Indonesia  1–1  Ecuador Surabaya, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 30,583
Referee: Rizky Febian (Indonesia)
13 November 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup GS Indonesia  2–1  Panama Surabaya, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 17,239
Referee: Andie Tong (Malaysia)
16 November 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup GS Morocco  3–2  Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 23,869
Referee: Jaeden Lieberher (United States)
20 November 2023 FIFA U-17 World Cup R16 Argentina  3–3
(3–2 p)		  Indonesia Surabaya, Indonesia
19:00 UTC+7
Report
Stadium: Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium
Attendance: 29,877
Referee: Tyla Laura Seethal (South Africa)
Penalties

Tournament record[edit]

FIFA U-17 World Cup[edit]

FIFA U-17 World Cup finals record
Year Result Position GP W D L GF GA
China 1985 did not enter
Canada 1987 did not qualify
Scotland 1989
Italy 1991
Japan 1993
Ecuador 1995
Egypt 1997
New Zealand 1999
Trinidad and Tobago 2001
Finland 2003
Peru 2005
South Korea 2007 did not enter
Nigeria 2009 did not qualify
Mexico 2011
United Arab Emirates 2013
Chile 2015
India 2017 Disqualified due to FIFA suspension
Brazil 2019 did not qualify
Peru 2021 Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Indonesia 2023 Qualified as host
Total – 1/19 0 0 0 0 0 0

AFC U-17 Asian Cup[edit]

AFC U-17 Asian Cup finals record Qualifications record
Year Result Position GP W D L GF GA GP W D L GF GA
Qatar 1985 Withdrew Withdrew
Qatar 1986 Group stage 8th 3 0 0 3 2 8 N/A
Thailand 1988 Group stage 10th 4 0 1 3 3 15 3 2 0 1 3 3
United Arab Emirates 1990 Fourth place 4th 4 0 2 2 1 8 N/A
Saudi Arabia 1992 did not qualify 3 2 0 1 3 5
Qatar 1994 N/A
Thailand 1996 N/A
Qatar 1998 3 1 1 1 8 8
Vietnam 2000 3 2 0 1 15 16
United Arab Emirates 2002 2 0 2 0 2 2
Japan 2004 2 0 1 1 2 4
Singapore 2006 did not enter did not enter
Uzbekistan 2008 Group stage 14th 3 0 0 3 1 12 5 3 0 2 7 4
Uzbekistan 2010 Group stage 11th 3 1 0 2 4 5 4 2 1 1 10 3
Iran 2012 did not qualify 5 3 0 2 26 10
Thailand 2014 3 0 1 2 1 5
India 2016
 Disqualified due to FIFA suspension Disqualified
Malaysia 2018 Quarter-finals 6th 4 1 2 1 5 4 4 4 0 0 25 1
Bahrain 2020 Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic 4 3 1 0 27 1
Thailand 2023 did not qualify 4 3 0 1 20 7
Total Fourth Place 6/18 21 2 5 14 16 52 45 25 7 13 149 69
AFC U-17 Asian Cup history
First Match
 Indonesia 1–5 Saudi Arabia 
(15 November 1986; Doha, Qatar)
Biggest win
 Indonesia 4–1 Tajikistan 
(26 October 2010; Tashkent, Uzbekistan)
Biggest defeat
 Indonesia 0–9 South Korea 
(6 October 2008; Tashkent, Uzbekistan)
Best result
Fourth place (1990)

AFF U-16 Youth Championship[edit]

AFF U-16 Youth Championship record
Year Result Position GP W D L GF GA
Indonesia Malaysia 2002 Third place 3rd 6 3 1 2 9 8
Thailand 2005 Group stage 7th 2 0 0 2 3 9
Vietnam 2006 did not enter
Cambodia 2007 Fourth place 4th 6 2 3 1 8 7
Indonesia 2008 Group stage 5th 4 0 1 3 1 11
Thailand 2009 Cancelled
Indonesia 2010 Fourth place 4th 4 1 0 3 2 5
Laos 2011 Group stage 8th 4 0 2 2 4 8
Laos 2012 did not enter
Myanmar 2013 Runners-up 2nd 6 2 4 0 10 4
Indonesia 2014 Cancelled
Cambodia 2015 Disqualified due to FIFA suspension
Cambodia 2016
Thailand 2017 Group stage 9th 5 1 1 3 7 13
Indonesia 2018 Champions 1st 7 6 1 0 23 4
Thailand 2019 Third place 3rd 7 4 2 1 15 3
Indonesia 2022 Champions 1st 5 4 1 0 15 2
Total Champions 11/15 56 23 16 17 97 74
AFF U-16 Youth Championship history
First match
 Indonesia 2–1 Thailand 
(19 February 2002; Medan, Indonesia)
Biggest win
 Singapore 0–9 Indonesia 
(3 August 2022; Sleman, Indonesia)
Biggest defeat
 France 6–0 Indonesia 
(28 February 2002; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
 Australia 6–0 Indonesia 
(11 July 2008; Jakarta, Indonesia)
Best result
Champions (2018 and 2022)

Exhibition[edit]

Exhibition game record
Year Tournament Result Position GP W D L GF GA
2012 Hong Kong 2012 HKFA International Youth Football Invitation Tournament HKFA International Youth Football Invitation Tournament Champions 1st 3 3 0 0 8 2
2017 Vietnam 2017 Tien Phong Plastic Cup Tournament|Tien Phong Plastic Cup Tournament Champions 1st 3 2 1 0 16 2
2018 Japan JENESYS Japan-ASEAN U-16 Youth Football Tournament Champions 1st 4 4 0 0 14 1
2019 Myanmar AFC-UEFA Assisst U-16 Elite Boys Football Tournament Runners-up 2nd 3 2 1 0 4 1
2019 Qatar Aspire U-16 Four Nations Tournament Runners-up 2nd 3 2 0 1 7 2

Honours[edit]

Continental[edit]

Regional[edit]

Exhibition tournaments[edit]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Morrison, Neil. "Indonesian International matches 1921–2001". RSSSF. Archived from the original on December 22, 2022. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  2. ^ "Sensation at Manila Games – Running Found to be Short". Straits Times. Singapore. May 14, 1934. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2010.
  3. ^ "World Football Elo Ratings: Indonesia". Archived from the original on December 16, 2010. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  4. ^ Munoz, Paul Michel (2006). Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula. Continental Sales, Incorporated. p. 246. ISBN 9789814155670.
  5. ^ "Pasar Keputran Utara | Pasar Surya".
  6. ^ Perkembangan Kota Dan Arsitektur Kolonial Belanda Di Surabaya, 1870–1940. Diterbitkan atas kerjasama Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Kristen PETRA Surabaya dan Penerbit ANDI Yogyakarta. January 1, 1996. ISBN 9789795333739 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, Kota Surabaya Dalam Angka 2023 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3578)
  8. ^ "Demographia World Urban Areas, 18th Annual Edition" (PDF). July 2022. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
  9. ^ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id. Archived from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved August 31, 2020.
  10. ^ Statistics Indonesia. "Surabaya Municipality in Figures 2017". surabayakota.bps.go.id. Archived from the original on April 1, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  11. ^ "BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur". jatim.bps.go.id.
  12. ^ "26. Z. Irian Jaya". bappenas.go.id (Word DOC) (in Indonesian).
  13. ^ Geografi. Grasindo. p. 114. ISBN 978-979-759-619-4.
  14. ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  15. ^ "Indonesia: Java (Regencies, Cities and Districts) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  16. ^ a b Dick, Howard W. (2003). Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900–2000. Research in international studies: Southeast Asia series. Vol. 106. Singapore University Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-264-3.
  17. ^ Pigeaud 1976, p. 16.
  18. ^ Ricklefs 2008, p. 39.
  19. ^ Pigeaud 1976, p. 28.
  20. ^ Akhmad Saiful Ali 1994, p. 32.
  21. ^ "Surabaya Siap Jadi Penghubung Perdagangan Indonesia Timur". Republika Online (in Indonesian). November 17, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2019.
  22. ^ "Surabaya History Facts and Timeline: Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia". www.world-guides.com. Retrieved January 27, 2019.
  23. ^ Zanden, Jan Luiten van; Marks, Daan (May 2, 2013). An Economic History of Indonesia: 1800–2010. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-45460-8.
  24. ^ surabaya.go.id. "Sosial Ekonomi". www.surabaya.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  25. ^ Primadhyta, Safyra. "Teror Bom, BI Pastikan Surabaya Jadi Pusat Ekonomi Syariah". ekonomi. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  26. ^ Indonesia, Rima News. "Surabaya Pusat Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia". Rimanews.com (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on January 5, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference EastJava was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ Hananto, Akhyari. "Asal Nama "Surabaya", Ternyata bukan Hiu dan Buaya". Good News From Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved January 3, 2019.
  29. ^ a b Jakle, John A.; Sculle, Keith A. (1999). Fast Food: Roadside Restaurants in the Automobile Age. The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 9780801869204. Retrieved August 25, 2013 – via Google Books.
  30. ^ Sloan, Scott (December 9, 2011). "A&W returning headquarters to Lexington". Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
  31. ^ a b c "May 2021 A&W Fact Sheet" (PDF). May 26, 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 21, 2021.
  32. ^ "A&W Franchising Overview".
  33. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference Smith-OCAFD 2007 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  34. ^ a b Patton, Janet (August 4, 2017). "After Yum, A&W returned to its roots: Real root beer, burgers". Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  35. ^ Kumer, Emma B. (May 27, 2020). "These Are 15 of the Oldest Chain Restaurants in the Country". Reader's Digest. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
  36. ^ a b c d e f Deck, Cecilia (November 19, 1989). "Fast-food Pioneer A&w Survives To Map Comeback". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Publishing. Knight-Ridder Newspapers. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  37. ^ Smith, A.F. (2012). Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eat. Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of what We Love to Eat. ABC-CLIO. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-313-39393-8. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  38. ^ Restaurant Business. Restaurant Business. 1995. p. 182. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  39. ^ Cite error: The named reference blue was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  40. ^ Cite error: The named reference Baskas 2010 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  41. ^ Cite error: The named reference history was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  42. ^ Fackler, Martin (February 20, 2012). "Where the Songs Linger, but the Tune Is Different". The New York Times.
  43. ^ Nolte, Richard (March 3, 1964). "A&W Root Beer Comes to Town: 12,000 miles and I never left home" (PDF). Institute of Current World Affairs. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  44. ^ Jason, Jason (June 22, 2015). "14 Things You Didn't Know About A&W Restaurants". Thrillist. Retrieved September 9, 2016.
  45. ^ "Everything you need to know about the FIFA U-17 World Cup". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. June 30, 2023.
  46. ^ "PSSI Rilis Tiga Asisten Pelatih Tim Nasional". Retrieved January 10, 2020.
  47. ^ "Ketua PSSI Tetapkan Frank Wormuth Jadi Konsultan Pelatih Tim U-17 Indonesia" (in Indonesian). July 23, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
  48. ^ "Bima Sakti Tangani Tim U-17" (in Indonesian). June 24, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.
  49. ^ "Daftar 21 Pemain Timnas Indonesia U-17 di Piala Dunia U-17 2023". November 1, 2023.
  50. ^ "Erick Thohir Minta Pemain Manfaatkan Kesempatan Besar Ini" (in Indonesian). November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.

External links[edit]

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