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This is a list of storms in the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season broke numerous records for cyclonic formation and intensity. It saw a total of thirty-one tropical and subtropical cyclones form, many of which broke records as individual storm as well as contributing to a number of season records.

General information

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The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history, repeatedly shattering previous records. The impact of the season was widespread and ruinous with at least 2,280 deaths and record damages of over $128 billion USD. Of the storms that made landfall, five of the season's seven major hurricanesDennis, Emily, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma—were responsible for most of the destruction. The Mexican states of Quintana Roo and Yucatán and the U.S. states of Florida and Louisiana were each struck twice by major hurricanes; Cuba, the Bahamas, Haiti, Mississippi, Texas, and Tamaulipas were each struck once and in each case brushed by at least one more. The most catastrophic effects of the season were felt on the United States' Gulf Coast, where a 30-foot (10 m) storm surge from Hurricane Katrina caused devastating flooding that inundated New Orleans, Louisiana and destroyed most structures on the Mississippi coastline, and in Guatemala, where Hurricane Stan combined with an extratropical system to cause deadly mudslides.

The season officially began on June 1, 2005, and lasted until November 30, although it effectively persisted into January 2006 due to continued storm activity. A record twenty-eight tropical and subtropical storms formed, of which a record fifteen became hurricanes. Of these, seven strengthened into major hurricanes, a record-tying five became Category 4 hurricanes and a record four reached Category 5 strength, the highest categorization for hurricanes on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Among these Category 5 storms were Hurricanes Katrina and Wilma, respectively the costliest and the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record.

Lists of storms

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Saffir–Simpson scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

The table below describes the characteristics of the individual storms. Included are data on the storms overall and on the landfalls of each. The colors are associated with the Saffir-Simpson scale of hurricane intensities, and are summarized in the table on the right side of this paragraph. (To see a brief description of how an intensity is defined, just place your cursor on the appropriate element of the right-hand table.)

It should be noted that even a non-landfalling storm can cause deaths and damage. Tropical cyclones are not point events. Storm related wind, rain and rough surf can be present hundreds of miles away from the center (although the greatest likelihood of storm-related damage and deaths occurs for landfalling storms and at landfall). Also land effects from storms after becoming extratropical or while a wave or low are not included in the landfall section, although they are included in the estimates for damage and deaths.

2005 Atlantic statistics
Storm
name
Dates active Storm category

at peak intensity

Max
wind

(mph)

Min.
press.
(mbar)
Landfall(s) Damage
(millions
USD)
Deaths
Where When Wind

(mph)

Arlene June 813 Tropical storm 70 989 Cabo Corrientes, Cuba June 10 50 0 0
Pensacola, FL June 11 60 11.8 1
Bret June 2830 Tropical storm 40 1002 Tuxpan, Mexico June 29 40 9 1
Cindy July 37 Category 1 hurricane 75 991 Cozumel July 4 35 Unknown 0
Grand Isle, LA July 5 75 60 1
Ansley, MS July 6 50 260 2
Dennis July 413 Category 4 hurricane 150 930 Cabo Cruz, Cuba July 7 140 ~3,000 74
Navarre Beach, FL July 10 120 2,230 15
Emily July 1021 Category 5 hurricane 160 929 Grenada July 14 85 110 11
Tulum, Mexico July 18 135 300 4
San Fernando, Mexico July 20 125 140 0
Franklin July 2129 Tropical storm 70 997 none 0 0
Gert July 2325 Tropical storm 45 1005 Cabo Rojo, Mexico July 24 45 5 1
Harvey August 28 Tropical storm 65 994 none 0 0
Irene August 418 Category 2 hurricane 105 970 none 0 0
Ten August 1314 Tropical depression 35 1005 none 0 0
Jose August 2223 Tropical storm 60 998 Veracruz, Mexico August 22 60 45 8
Katrina August 2330 Category 5 hurricane 175 902 Aventura, FL, US August 25 80 500 12
Buras-Triumph, LA August 29 125 45,000 ≥1,577
Pearlington, MS August 29 120 36,700 ≥247
Lee August 28September 1 Tropical storm 40 1006 none 0 0
Maria September 110 Category 3 hurricane 115 962 none 3.1 3
Nate September 510 Category 1 hurricane 90 979 none 0 1
Ophelia September 617 Category 1 hurricane 85 976 Grand Bahama September 6 35 0 0
Cape Fear, North Carolina
(Direct hit, no landfall)
September 14 85 70 3
Philippe September 1724 Category 1 hurricane 80 985 none 0 0
Rita September 1826 Category 5 hurricane 180 895 Sabine Pass, Texas September 24 115 10,000 120
Nineteen September 30October 2 Tropical depression 35 1009 none 0 0
Stan October 15 Category 1 hurricane 80 977 Tulum, Mexico October 2 40 1,500 (≥1,540)
Veracruz, Mexico October 4 80 500 80
Unnamed October 45 Tropical storm 50 997 none 0 0
Tammy October 56 Tropical storm 50 1001 Mayport, FL October 5 50 30 10
Twenty-two October 810 Tropical depression 35 1009 none 0 0
Vince October 811 Category 1 hurricane 75 988 Huelva, Spain October 11 30 0 0
Wilma October 1525 Category 5 hurricane 185 882 (record) Cozumel October 21 150 400 17
Puerto Morelos, Mexico October 21 135 8,000 8
Cape Romano, Florida October 24 120 20,700 37
Alpha October 2224 Tropical storm 50 998 Barahona, Dominican Republic October 23 50 5 43
Beta October 2631 Category 3 hurricane 115 962 La Barra del Rio Grande, Nicaragua October 30 105 Unknown 0
Gamma November 1321 Tropical storm 50 1001 none 18 41
Delta November 2328 Tropical storm 70 980 Canary Islands(Direct hit, no landfall) November 27 70 364 7
Epsilon November 29December 8 Category 1 hurricane 85 989 none 0 0
Zeta December 29January 6, 2006 Tropical storm 65 994 none 0 0
Season Aggregates
31 cyclones June 8January 6, 2006   185 (Wilma) 882(Record set by Wilma) 26 landfalls ~130,000 ≥2,324 (≥3,864)

Death totals include direct and indirect deaths. The higher death toll in parenthesis from Hurricane Stan was as a result of non-tropical rains related to but not directly caused by Stan, and is listed separately.

Listed by intensity

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Hurricane Wilma near its record peak intensity
Saffir–Simpson scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

This lists all storms by their peak intensity, which is determined by measurements of the minimum central pressure. While the intensity of tropical cyclones is measured solely by central pressure, wind speeds are also estimated; the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is used in the Atlantic basin to rank hurricanes according to their strongest 1-minute sustained winds. While most hurricanes do not make landfall at their peak intensity, they are often referred to by their strongest Saffir-Simpson Category rather than by their landfall Category.

Name colspan=3 | Max. 1-min. average sustained wind Min. central pressure
Knots Km/h Mph Mbar (hPa)
Wilma 160 185 295 882
Rita 155 180 285 897
Katrina 150 175 280 902
Emily 140 160 260 929

Listed by total damages

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This lists all storms in the season by their total damages (in 2008 USD). Some data may be incomplete and account for damages in only one location while the storm affected several. Calculation of modern-day damage amounts is done using the Consumer Price Index.[1]

Name Damages (at the time) Damages (2008 USD)
Katrina $81.2 billion $89.6 billion
Wilma $29.1 billion $32.1 billion

Listed by death toll

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This lists storms by the number of deaths they caused. Most storms cause fatalities not by their high winds but rather through flooding - either storm surge or inland flooding due to rainfall. Storm surge has the highest potential for deaths; with modern forecasting, warning, and evacuation storm surge deaths can be almost eliminated, but the potential is still very high for catastrophe in places where warning systems are not in place or if warnings are ignored. Inland flooding, by contrast, is unpredictable because it depends heavily on a hurricane's interaction with the terrain and with other nearby weather systems.

Name Direct deaths Primary location
Katrina 1,800 total Louisiana
Stan 1,540 total Central America & Mexico

Landfalls

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Hurricane Wilma at landfall on Cozumel

Landfall of a tropical cyclone is defined as the moving of the center of the eye over land. Damages from a tropical cyclone are usually greatest where it makes landfall. In the below list, the storms are listed in chronological order with their landfall locations listed under columns designating their strength on the Saffir-Simpson Scale at the time of landfall. Within a cell, landfalls are listed in chronological order.

Only landfalls are included; if the eyewall of a storm but not the center moved over land, then it is not included here.

Name Landfall
Category 5 Category 4 Category 3 Category 2 Category 1 Tropical storm
Arlene Florida
Bret Veracruz
Cindy Louisiana Mississippi
Dennis Cuba Florida
Emily Quintana Roo Tamaulipas Grenada
Gert Veracruz

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (2006). "What is a dollar worth?". Retrieved 2006-12-09.