User:Saxum/JRM

Yugoslav Navy
Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica Jugoslovenska ratna mornarica / Југословенска Pатна Mорнарица
Founded	1 March 1945 (as Jugoslavenska mornarica) December 1945 (as Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica)
Disbanded	1992
Country	SFR Yugoslavia
Branch	Navy
Role	Coastal defence force
Anniversaries	10 September
Engagements	World War II in Yugoslavia Croatian War of Independence

Origin and name

The Yugoslav Navy (Serbo-Croatian: Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica – JRM) was formed on the basis of the war-time Navy of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (Mornarica narodnooslobodilačke vojske Jugoslavije – M NOVJ), the naval branch of the Yugoslav Partisans. With World War II in Yugoslavia nearing its end in early 1945, the Partisan army underwent a reorganization on 1 March 1945. The M NOVJ was renamed Jugoslavenska mornarica (lit. Yugoslav Navy) which remained until late 1945 when it was finally renamed the Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica (lit. Yugoslav War Navy). Navy Day was celebrated on 10 September on the anniversary of the formation of the Coastal Platoon in 1942 in Podgora, the forerunner of the M NOVJ.

http://znaci.net/00003/740.pdf (486)

History

End of WW II and the Informbiro period (1940s and 50s)

Navy Day in 1951

Breakup of SFR Yugoslavia (1991-92)

Early actions

The JRM would come to its de facto end in 1991 as Yugoslavia began a process of violent disintegration against ethnic lines. Because SR Croatia controlled over 95% of Yugoslavia's coastline, the outbreak of the Croatian War of Independence in early 1991 would soon cause the JRM to loose control over almost all of its naval facilities located in Croatia. Like the Yugoslav Ground Forces and the Yugoslav Air Force, the JRM remained under Serbian control and would actively take part in the 1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia. On 6 May, a massive protest was held in front of the headquarters of the VPO in Split as a response to the JNA siege of the village of Kijevo. In the scuffle that ensued, one JNA soldier was killed and several others were wounded.

During the night of 25/26 August 1991, commander of the VPO/JRM admiral Mile Kandić and the majority of vessels from the Lora Naval Base relocated to Vis. On 14 September, the Battle of the Barracks began during which Croatian forces blockaded and captured a number of JNA barracks and storage depots, including those belonging to the JRM. During the night of 14/15 September, Croatian forces launched operation Zelena tabla - Male Bare, with the goal of capturing JNA facilities in Ploče. Among those facilities was a depot in the Tatinje cove used for storing naval mines and fuel and the Portina Harbour which housed the 16th Minesweeper Division of the JRM, consisting of six minesweepers manned by around 150 sailors and officers. The fighting that ensued would become the first combat engagement of the JRM during the war. Prior to the attack, Croatian forces deployed a steel cable preventing the minesweepers from leaving the harbour.

Crews of the minesweepers refused calls to surrender, insted they opened fire on Croatian forces and the city of Ploče. Due to a lack of weaponry and following orders not to damage the vessels, Croatian forces stood down. Similarily, troops garrissoned in the Tatinje depot refused to surrender; Croatian forces attempted to capture it but were hampered by minefields and threats by the JNA command that the depot will be blown up. At 23:00, three missile boats and two torpedo boats of the JRM arrived.

Naval blockades an battles in Zadar and Šibenik

First blockade: 17 - 23 September Second blockade: October

Organization in 1991

VPO - Split

5. VPS - Pula

8. VPS - Šibenik

9. VPS - Kumbor

Uporišta: Mali Lošinj, Vis Lastovo

Manje luke: Ploče(minolovci), Divulje,

Vessels

Main article: List of ships of the Yugoslav Navy

Naval installations

Bunkers

From left to right: Lastovo, Vis and Brač