User talk:Gaddy1975

The indefinite block has been lifted after discussion with Lucky 6.9.

Welcome!

Hello Gaddy1975, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Wikipedia:Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!

Hi there! At your convenience, please browse through the links above which provide you with an overview of what Wikipedia is all about. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me on my talk page. See you around! --HappyCamper 17:02, 11 December 2005 (UTC)[reply]

Image Tagging Image:Pleco03.jpg

This media may be deleted.

Thanks for uploading Image:Pleco03.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the {{GFDL-self}} tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as {{Non-free fair use in|article name}} or one of the other tags listed at Wikipedia:Image copyright tags#Fair_use. See Wikipedia:Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Hunter 18:09, 12 April 2006 (UTC)[reply]

File source problem with File:Pleco01a.jpg

Thank you for uploading File:Pleco01a.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the page from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of the website's terms of use of its content. If the original copyright holder is a party unaffiliated with the website, that author should also be credited. Please add this information by editing the image description page.

If the necessary information is not added within the next days, the image will be deleted. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem.

Please refer to the image use policy to learn what images you can or cannot upload on Wikipedia. Please also check any other files you have uploaded to make sure they are correctly tagged. Here is a list of your uploads. If you have any questions or are in need of assistance please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kelly ^hi! 05:07, 19 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

File source problem with File:Pleco03a.jpg

Thank you for uploading File:Pleco03a.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the page from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of the website's terms of use of its content. If the original copyright holder is a party unaffiliated with the website, that author should also be credited. Please add this information by editing the image description page.

If the necessary information is not added within the next days, the image will be deleted. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem.

Please refer to the image use policy to learn what images you can or cannot upload on Wikipedia. Please also check any other files you have uploaded to make sure they are correctly tagged. Here is a list of your uploads. If you have any questions or are in need of assistance please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kelly ^hi! 05:07, 19 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

File source problem with File:Mayan10a.jpg

Thank you for uploading File:Mayan10a.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the page from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of the website's terms of use of its content. If the original copyright holder is a party unaffiliated with the website, that author should also be credited. Please add this information by editing the image description page.

If the necessary information is not added within the next days, the image will be deleted. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem.

Please refer to the image use policy to learn what images you can or cannot upload on Wikipedia. Please also check any other files you have uploaded to make sure they are correctly tagged. Here is a list of your uploads. If you have any questions or are in need of assistance please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Kelly ^hi! 06:24, 19 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

Response from Gaddy1975, author of article and creator of photographs

My name is Gaddy Bergmann, and all three photographs on the Cichlasoma urophthalmus page are mine. I took them myself of fish in my own aquarium. Please see: File:Mayan10a.jpg, File:Pleco03a.jpg, File:Pleco01a.jpg. I own the creative license for these photos and have released them into the public domain. However, I do not understand how to label these images as mine. Please do not delete them.

Thanks - I fixed the licensing and copied the photos over to Commons. Kelly ^hi! 14:55, 20 March 2012 (UTC)[reply]

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Coydogs

Excuse me, where are you getting this information? How did you come by this conviction that coydogs suffer from subsequent generation infertility? We know that coywolves live everywhere around the Northeast and reproduce with no problems, and that, according to the current taxonomy, dogs and wolves are the very same species. We know that coydogs that mate with coyotes or dogs do not have such problems. I don't want to fight with you over this, but if you do not come forward with some kind of reason to believe that what you are saying is true in the form of some citation I'm going to revert again and again to the statement of fact that is most consistent with facts we do know. Sorry to be a pest but that's the way we work around here. Chrisrus (talk) 01:17, 24 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Hello, Chrisrus. Let me give you a detailed response to clear up this issue. First off, as you noted, the domestic dog has been considered a subspecies of the wolf (Canis lupus) since 1993. This is based on historical, anatomical, behavioral, genetic, and fertility research. Not only is the dog extremely close to the wolf genetically, but it shares a common behavioral repertoire, and can also form completely fertile crosses with wolves. Dogs are basically wolves that were domesticated more than 30,000 years ago.

There are three other species with which the wolf/dog (C. lupus) can hybridize. In order of increasing genetic distance, these are the coyote (C. latrans), golden jackal (C. aureus), and Ethiopian wolf (C. simensis). Wolves/dogs have been known to have viable offspring with all of these. However, the question here is, to what degree are these hybrids fertile? None of them are always sterile, because they are known to reproduce. This leaves the question of whether they have reduced fertility.

It is important to understand how Haldane's Rule applies to hybridization. According to Haldane's Rule, when two species hybridize, the heterogametic sex is more likely to be sterile, while the homogametic sex is more likely to be fertile. This is probably because homogametic animals (in mammals, it's females; in birds, it's males) have two copies of the sex chromosome, so they have "backup" information to help form gametes (eggs or sperm, respectively). In contrast, hetergametic animals have only one sex chromosome, so in a hybrid, they are unlikely to have reproductive genes from one species to be compatible with somatic genes from the other species. Again, in mammals, that would be in the males. It turns out that Haldane's Rule holds up quite well. If you hybridize horses (Equus ferus) with donkeys (E. africanus), a daughter may be able to reproduce, but a son probably would not. If you hybridize cattle (Bos primigenius) with bison (Bison bison), the same thing happens. Haldane's Rule also applies to hybrids between wolves/dogs and golden jackals; again, daughters may be able to reproduce, but not sons. Interestingly, Haldane's Rule does not apply to hybridization between Canis lupus and coyotes. This might be expected, since C. lupus and C. latrans have the most recent divergence out of the four interfertile Canis species.

There is another matter here of gene introgression. This occurs when there is some hybridization event or events, but the hybrids go on to reproduce with full-blooded individuals from one of the two parent species. For example, although hybrids of bison and cattle may have health and/or fertility problems, bison with cattle gene introgression are healthy and fully fertile, as are cattle with bison gene introgression. This is because the hybrids mate with pure animals, and genes from the other species get diluted overtime. So, while the hybrid is 50% from one species and 50% from the other, if it mates with a full-blooded animal, the next generation will be 25% of the other species, the following generation only 12.5%, and then only 6.25%, and so on, until the contribution from the other species is quite small. This is the case with so-called "hybrid" populations of wolves/dogs and coyotes. The hybridization happened in the past; the animals living now are mostly from one species or the other. BTW - Research also shows that humans from groups outside of Africa have some gene introgression from Neanderthals.

Breeding hybrids to hybrids does not lead to gene introgression. Rather, the contribution from both species remains 50% for generation after generation. This appears to be problematic for the viability and/or fertility of the offspring. And now we come back to coyotes. If you go to the Wiki page for the coyote, you will find the following passage:

"Breeding experiments in Germany with poodles, coyotes, and later on with the resulting dog-coyote hybrids showed that, unlike wolfdogs, coydogs exhibit a decrease in fertility, significant communication problems, and an increase of genetic diseases after three generations of interbreeding." The reference cited for this information is the following:

    Feddersen-Petersen, Doris (2004) Hundepsychologie, Franck-Kosmos-Verlag.

So, for these reasons, we may consider hybrids between C. lupus and C. latrans (and probably the other Canis species mentioned above) to have reduced fertility. Gaddy1975 (talk) 03:47, 24 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Too long, did not read.

All I'm asking for is a citation, and now you have given me one. But it's not me that needs the citation, but the article. Use this citation to cite the statement you are making at that article. Always use citations to cite any statement you are making that isn't blatantly obvious. On Wikipedia, we cite things. That's how it works. We don't just say potentially controversial things with no citation, ipse dixit, I'm supposedly a great expert. Well, you may be an expert in real life, but here you are just one more Wikipedian, a faceless screen name, for all we know your teenage son logging onto your computer while you're out to dinner with the Mrs. If you don't know how to cite things, ask me or someone else and we will tell you how to do it, or just look above and below the box you type when editing for handy tools.

Thanks, and happy editing. Chrisrus (talk) 04:07, 24 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Oh, and by the way, you might want to check her first name. It might be "Dorit", not "Doris". Chrisrus (talk) 04:07, 24 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

I didn't think it was necessary to cite in the introduction, given that the same information is provided further down in the same wiki article, with citations. But I do see the value of citing in the introduction. Oh, and yes, the author's name is Dorit, not Doris, so I will use that in the citation instead. --Gaddy (talk) 05:02, 24 February 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Conformation breeding

Your edits at Landrace with regard to conformation vs. show breeding have led to a discussion you might want to participate in at Talk:Landrace. — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽^ʌⱷ҅_ᴥⱷ^ʌ≼ 20:59, 22 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]

Thanks for your comments, Gaddy, much appreciated. Montanabw ^(talk) 05:03, 25 September 2014 (UTC)[reply]

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Speedy deletion nomination of File:Pleco03.jpg

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